摘要(英) |
Since Covid-19 outbreak in 2020, our country faces the economic crisis because our economy is based on small and middle business which are impacted by the pandemic. As a result, how to get through this impaction to rebuild the corporation’s operation reconstruction is the most important thing nowadays. Besides, the Bankruptcy law in Taiwan has been 80 years not amend so this is good timing to reform our Bankruptcy Act also including of Corporation Act which has the slimier situation.
One company faces a bankruptcy crisis, the best way of dealing with it is to maintain its operation. And the reconstruction type of debts clearance procedure is the way of rebuilding the company. Thus, this kind of procedure is the core part going through this essay and it also containing two parts, one is the settlement chapter of the Bankruptcy Act, and another is the reorganization chapter of the Corporation Act.
The reorganization chapter of Corporation Act in Taiwan, the qualification of applying for this procedure just only for the companies which are public or corporate bond and these businesses usually belong to big enterprise so that made a lot of small and middle business couldn’t get through this process to rebuild their companies. Furthermore, the 2016 Draft of Debts Clearance Act also found this problem and broaden the qualification for this process such as Unlimited Company, Limited Company, Unlimited Company with Limited Liability Shareholders and all kind of corporations, which are independently legally recognized entity and provide limited liability protection creates assets-petitioning and risk-shielding function. However, there is a limitation which is that capital must over 100 million. In fact, the draft did not let small and middle businesses could rebuild from the procedure. Small and middle businesses just could get through from the settlement chapter of Bankruptcy but this process couldn’t make a complete debts clearance for these businesses.
As a result, we can follow chapter 11 of the American Bankruptcy Code and the Small Business Reorganization Act which is into effect in 2020. To design a special company reorganization procedure for small and middle businesses in Taiwan and give them the procedure option of the organization process. It is not only can protect the right of option for the procedure but also keep the character of the settlement chapter in the Bankruptcy Act. Also, to make perfect for this procedure design, we can imitate the DIP financing in chapter 11 of the American Bankruptcy Code which is to make the companies get the loan from outside to keep their business operating. |
參考文獻 |
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(二)碩士論文:
李建宗,公司重整之立法研究,台灣大學法律研究所碩士論文,1984年。
周伯寅,論債權式新資金引入—以公司重整制度為中心,國立中央大學產業經濟研究所法律組,2012。
(二)英文:
American Bankruptcy Institute, Final Report and Recommendations of the American Bankruptcy Institute Commission to Study the Reform of Chapter 11: 2012~2014 (2015)
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Harvey R. Miller & Shai Y. Waisman, Is Chapter 11 Bankrupt?, 47 B.C.L. Rev.at 140-141 (2005), http://lawdigitalcommons.bc.edu/bclr/vol47/iss1/7
J. William Hicks, Exempted Transactions Under the Securities Act of 1933 § 3:24. Bankruptcy Code: Chapter 11—Legislative history, at 3, February 2021.
James B. Bailey and Andrew J. Shaver, The Small Business Reorganization Act of 2019, Norton Bankruptcy Law Adviser (October 2019).
Jeffrey T. Kucera, Margaret R. Westbrook, Javier A. Roldan Cora, David A. Mawhinney, Small Business Debtor Reorganization: An Overview Of Chapter 11’S New Subchapter V, U.S. Restructuring & Insolvency Alert, at 1,23 September 2019.
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Joshua Greene, AN ANALYSIS OF THE SMALL BUSINESS REORGANIZATION, June, 2020.
Judge David S. Kennedy, Erno Lindner, Esquire, The Bankruptcy Amendatory Act Of 1938 / The Legacy Of The Honorable Walter Chandler, at 3-2, University of Memphis Law Review(Summer, 2011)
Julian S.H. Chung and Jennifer L. Rodburg Partners, Fried Frank Harris Shriver and Jacobson LLP, An Overview Of Dip Financing: Current Trends, Sources, And The Process Of Obtaining A Dip Loan,at 1-2, Aspatore Special Report (June 2016).
Marcia L. Goldstein, Michele J. Meises, Gabriel A. Morgan, Debtor in Possession Financing And Second Lien/Subordination Issues, The American Law Institute, at 20-21. (2011)
Michael C. Blackmon, Revising the Debt Limit For “Small Business Debtors”: The Legislative Half-Measure Of The Small Business Reorganization Act, Brooklyn Journal of Corporate, at 3-4,Financial & Commercial Law (Spring, 2020).
Michelle M. Harner (Moderator),G. Eric Brunstad Jr., The Honorable Wendy L. Hagenau, Melissa B. Jacoby, Corporate Bankruptcy Panel: ABI Commission′s Report on The Reform of Chapter 11: Small and Medium Businesses, Sales of Assets, Financing, And Plans, Emory Bankruptcy Developments Journal,5,2016. (from Professor Harner’s speech.)
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U.S. Small Business Administration, SBA’s Size Standards Methodology,1, April 2019.
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三、網站:
Law Insider website: https://www.lawinsider.com/dictionary/non-contingent
中華民國統計資訊網,https://statdb.dgbas.gov.tw/pxweb/Dialog/viewplus.asp?ma=SF0101A1A&ti=%A4%BD%B6%7D%B5o%A6%E6%A4%BD%A5q%AA%D1%B2%BC%B5o%A6%E6%B7%A7%AAp-%A6~&path=../PXfile/Securities/&lang=9&strList=L
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立法院法律檢索系統搜尋公司法,載於: https://lis.ly.gov.tw/lgcgi/lgmeetimage?cfcecdc8cfcccfcfc5cecacfd2ccc7c7
美國小企業局網站: https://www.sba.gov/about-sba
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經濟部中小企業處網站統計表,載於: https://www.moeasmea.gov.tw/article-tw-2344-5369司法院網站: https://www.judicial.gov.tw/tw/lp-1951-1.html
經濟部商業司全國商工行政服務入口網的經濟部各類商業組織別登記家數月統計表: https://gcis.nat.gov.tw/mainNew/doc/bus-org-moncount.pdf
聯合國國際貿易法委員會《貿易法委員會破產法立法指南》網站,https://uncitral.un.org/zh/texts/insolvency/legislativeguides/insolvency_law。
四、判決:
(一)台灣
臺灣桃園地方法院 109 年整字第 1 號民事裁定(英格爾科技股份有限公司重整案)。
臺灣雲林地方法院 109 年破字第 1 號民事裁定。
臺灣苗栗地方法院 109 年破字第 2 號民事裁定。
最高法院 90 年度台上字第 647 號判決。
最高法院93年度台抗字第178 號裁定。
臺灣桃園地方法院107年整字第1號民事裁定。
臺灣桃園地方法院 108 年整抗字第 2 號民事裁定。
(二)美國
In Re: Progressive Solutions, Inc., Debtor. (2020/03/24)
IN RE: Gregory TREPETIN, Debtor., August 7, 2020.
In re Penland Heating and Air Conditioning, Inc.
In re Trepetin, 617 B.R.841(2020)
IN RE: Deirdre VENTURA, Debtor.( April 10, 2020)
IN RE: Charles Christopher WRIGHT, Debtor(s).( 04/27/2020)
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