利用原位創新合成法進行酵素固定化生產高果糖玉米糖漿之研究

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邱浩哲(HAU JE, CHIOU) 查詢紙本館藏

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化學學系

論文名稱

利用原位創新合成法進行酵素固定化生產高果糖玉米糖漿之研究
(Enzyme Immobilization via de Novo Approach on the Conversion of Glucose to Fructose)

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至系統瀏覽論文 (2028-6-30以後開放)

摘要(中)

在現今人類生活中，充滿著高果糖玉米糖漿。高果糖玉米糖漿是一種常見的甜味劑，廣泛使用於食品工業中。隨著新冠疫情的緩解和商業活動的復甦，全球高果糖玉米糖的市場更是以每年3-5%的速度成長中，並有望在2030年達到破百億美元市場的規模。
為了降低工業上生產高果糖玉米糖漿中酵素所支出的成本，會進行酵素固定化的步驟從而達到回收酵素、重複使用酵素、降低生產成本的目的。但目前常見的酵素固定化需要經過繁瑣的步驟和花費大量的成本。
本研究參考本實驗室過去所發表的文獻配方，將生產高果糖玉米糖漿中所需使用到的兩種酵素──蔗糖分解酶與葡萄糖異構酶快速固定於有機金屬骨架材料Zn-MOF-74中。研究旨在一步驟將蔗糖直接轉變為高果糖玉米糖漿，並可以透過簡單的過濾方式快速將酵素與產物進行分離、回收、再反應。
本研究成功將蔗糖分解酶與葡萄糖異構酶利用原位創新合成法固定於有機金屬骨架材料Zn-MOF-74中，達到酵素固定化的目的。葡萄糖異構酶經過固定化後，活性達到了未經固定化的百分之八十，依然保持著相當良好的活性。而蔗糖分解酶在經過固定化後，除了保持活性，更發現在原本反應活性不良的環境下，表現出更高的活性 (kobs=9.1*10-2)，甚至為未經固定化的數十倍 (未固定化之kobs為1.2*10-3)。由於此研究具有酵素固定化與分離產物的簡易性，將有望提供另外一條以更低廉成本生產高果糖玉米糖漿的酵素固定化途徑。並且發現經過固定化的酵素將有機會擴大酵素原先的pH值使用範圍，從而提高酵素的應用範圍。

摘要(英)

Nowadays, sweeteners are widely used. High fructose corn syrup (HFCS) is a common sweetener in various food industries. HFCS can imparts sweetness, enhances taste, and increase the moisture content of food. With the easing of the COVID-19 pandemic as well as the recovery of commercial activities, global market for HFCS is projected to grow at a rate of 3-5%, annually. According to reports, it is expected to reach billions of US dollars by 2030.
In order to reduce the cost of enzymes used in the production of HFCS, enzyme immobilization techniques are employed to enable enzyme recycle, reusability, and lower production costs. However, there are still some challenges for imbedding glucose related enzymes into supporting materials because of complicated procedures and significant expenses.
The recipe used in this study is based on the methods in previous papers published by our laboratory (JACS 2015 and ACS AMI 2021). In this study, we encapsulated two enzymes, invertase and glucose isomerase, which are essential to produce HFCS, into metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) called Zn-MOF-74 under de novo mild water-based condition. The de novo approach is a method which is able to rapid and simple encapsulation of enzymes into MOFs material under mild water solution at room temperature. The aims are to directly convert sucrose into HFCS through a tandem reaction. This approach enables the rapid separation, recovery, and reactivity of enzymes and products using simple filtration.
We successfully encapsulate invertase and glucose isomerase into Zn-MOF-74 material for obtaining enzymes@MOFs biocomposites using the de novo approach. After immobilization, the activity of GI@Zn-MOF-74 was maintained 80% of its non-immobilized one. Moreover, the immobilized invertase not only retained its activity (kobs=9.1*10-2) but also exhibited significantly higher activity compared to the non-immobilized invertase (kobs=1.2*10-3), even under unfavorable reaction conditions. This study demonstrates an enzyme immobilization approach for creating enzymes@MOFs biocomposites with simplified process, which could lead to a more cost-effective production of HFCS. Additionally, it was discovered that immobilized enzymes have the potential to adapt broader pH range in their applications, expanding their usability in various fields.

關鍵字(中)

★ 有機金屬骨架材料
★ 葡萄糖異構酶
★ 蔗糖分解酶
★ 酵素固定化
★ 高果糖玉米糖漿

關鍵字(英)

★ Metal-organic Frameworks
★ Glucose Isomerase
★ Invertase
★ Enzyme Immobilization
★ High Fructose Corn Syrup

論文目次

中文摘要 i
Abstract iii
目錄 v
圖目錄 viii
表目錄 x
第一章
緒論 1
1-1 金屬有機骨架材料 1
1-1-1 簡介 1
1-1-2 有機金屬骨架材料 Zn-MOF-74 3
1-2 高果糖玉米糖漿 5
1-3 生產高果糖玉米糖漿所用到的酵素 7
1-3-1 蔗糖分解酶 (Invertase, 7
1-3-2 葡萄糖異構酶 (Glucose Isomerase, GI) 8
1-4 酵素固定化與有機金屬骨架材料 9
1-5 研究動機與目的 11
第二章
實驗部分 12
2-1 實驗藥品 12
2-2 實驗使用儀器 15
2-3 實驗鑑定用儀器 16
2-4 實驗儀器之原理 17
2-4-1 紫外光可見光分光光譜儀 (UV/VIS Spectrophotometer) 17
2-4-2 X射線粉末繞射儀 (Powder X-ray Diffractometer XRD) 19
2-4-3 冷場發射掃描式電子顯微鏡 (Scanning Electron Microscope
SEM) 21
2-5 實驗所用之分析方法 23
2-5-1 Bradford Assay: 偵測蛋白質濃度 23
2-5-2 Seliwanoff′s Test: 用於測定葡萄糖異構酶活性 24
2-5-3 糖脎反應 : 用於測定蔗糖分解酶活性 25
2-5-4 十二烷基硫酸鈉聚丙烯醯胺凝膠電泳 (SDS-PAGE) 26
2-6 實驗步驟 29
2-6-1 合成純材料 Zn-MOF-74 29
2-6-2 合成葡萄糖異構酶包覆於 Zn-MOF-74中 29
2-6-3 合成蔗糖分解酶包覆於 Zn-MOF-74中 30
2-6-4 合成雙酵素包覆於 Zn-MOF-74中 30
2-6-5 配製 Seliwanoff′s Reagent與檢量線 45, 46 31
2-6-6 配製糖脎反應試劑與檢量線 32
2-6-7 測定蛋白質含量 33
2-6-8 測定葡萄糖異構酶活性 34
2-6-9 測定蔗糖分解酶活性 47, 48 36
2-6-10 十二烷基硫酸鈉聚丙烯醯胺凝膠電泳 (SDS-PAGE) 38
第三章
結果與討論 40
3-1 Zn-MOF-74之鑑定 40
3-1-1 Zn-MOF-74之 X射線粉末繞射圖譜鑑定 40
3-1-2 Zn-MOF-74之掃描式電子顯微鏡影像分析 42
3-2 葡萄糖異構酶包覆於 Zn-MOF-74之鑑定與活性實驗 43
3-2-1 GI@Zn-MOF-74之 X射線粉末繞射圖譜鑑定 43
3-2-2 GI@Zn-MOF-74之掃描式電子顯微鏡影像分析 45
3-2-3 GI@Zn-MOF-74與 GI之活性探討 46
3-2-4 GI@Zn-MOF-74之 SDS-PAGE鑑定 47
3-3 蔗糖分解酶包覆於 Zn-MOF-74之鑑定與活性實驗 48
3-3-1 INV@Zn-MOF-74之 X射線粉末繞射圖譜鑑定 48
3-3-2 INV@Zn-MOF-74之掃描式電子顯微鏡影像分析 50
3-3-3 INV@Zn-MOF-74與 INV之活性探討 51
3-3-4 INV@Zn-MOF-74之 SDS-PAGE鑑定 53
第四章
結論及未來展望 55
參考文獻 56

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指導教授

謝發坤

審核日期

2023-8-14

推文