自製光觸媒催化輕質材料應用於甲醛去除之可行性研究

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林曉君(Hsiao-Chun Lin) 查詢紙本館藏

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自製光觸媒催化輕質材料應用於甲醛去除之可行性研究
(Feasibility study on removal of formaldehyde by prepared air-purifying photocatalyst and lightweight material)

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至系統瀏覽論文 (2027-11-8以後開放)

摘要(中)

本研究嘗試利用鹽基度探討不同來源之混燒飛灰及底渣，應用燒結技術製備輕質化材料之可行性，後續並以奈米二氧化鈦塗層技術，進一步製備為光觸媒催化輕質材料。高溫燒結試驗主要控制條件，包括輕質材料生胚之成型壓力(160 kgf/cm2)、添加混燒飛灰及底渣不同比例(鹽基度)、燒結時間(1-3 hr)及溫度(900-1,000°C)等。本研究為驗證光觸媒催化材料之功能特性，實驗規劃甲醛去除之模擬試驗，以期評估製備材料之光觸媒催化能力。
根據鹽基度試驗結果顯示，當不同來源及添加比例之混燒飛灰及底渣，進行輕質化材料之製備，鹽基度主要範圍介於0.17至0.37之間，隨鹽基度增加，輕質化材料試體之視孔隙率及開孔率，亦呈現增加之趨勢，而試體之抗壓強度則呈現降低之現象，然整體而言，試體之抗壓強度均可符合中華民國國家標準普通磚之規範(大於150 kgf/cm2)。另根據群聚分析結果顯示，試體之鹽基度控制在0.15至0.25間，試驗製備之輕質化材料約有66.7%至76.2%之試體，其材料具有吸水率10-20%、視孔隙率25-35%、開孔率35-60%，抗壓強度介於300-700 kgf/cm2等特性。
經二氧化鈦塗佈後之光催化輕質材料之試驗結果顯示，材料物種主要以石英(Quartz, SiO2)、二氧化鈦(Titanium Oxide, TiO2)、透長石(Sanidine, KAlSi3O8)及微斜長石(Microcline, KAlSi3O8)等為主。應用於甲醛去除之試驗結果顯示，添加0.286 wt % TiO2光觸媒之催化材料，具有較佳之光催化活性，其中甲醛去除率及二氧化碳礦化率，分別約為11.52 %及13.94 %。整體而言，本研究以不同來源之混燒飛灰及底渣，製備為光觸媒催化輕質材料，不僅可符合國家輕質化材料之規範要求，同時具有光催化降解甲醛之效果。未來相關技術成果，將能解決大量衍生混燒飛灰及底渣之處理處置問題，同時具有高值化材料應用與發展之潛力。

摘要(英)

This study investigated the feasibility of lightweight materials manufactured from different sources of co-fried fly ash and bottom ash with controlled basicity by sintering. Subsequently, nano-titanium dioxide(TiO2) coating technology is used to prepare the air-purifying photocatalyst and lightweight materials. The primary experimental conditions of the high-temperature sintering process include the forming pressure of the sintered specimen (160 kgf/cm2), the different addition of the co-fried fly ash and bottom ash (denoted as basicity), sintering time (1-3 hr), and sintering temperature (900-1,000°C). To further evaluate the prepared air-purifying photocatalyst′s performances, formaldehyde (HCHO) removal experiments were also conducted.
The basicity was ranged from 0.17 to 0.37 as the sintered lightweight specimens prepared by different sources of co-fried fly ash and bottom ash in this research. The apparent porosity and open porosity of the sintered lightweight specimen increased with the basicity. Meanwhile, the compressive strength of the sintered specimen decreases with an increase in the basicity. Overall, the compressive strengths of the prepared lightweight specimens are all in compliance with the CNS 382 common bricks criteria (>150 kgf/cm2). According to the cluster analysis results, there are approximately 66.7% to 76.2% of prepared lightweight materials controlling the basicity ranged from 0.15 and 0.25 had good characteristics, such as water absorption of 10-20%, an apparent porosity of 25-35%, open porosity of 35-60%, and the compressive strength of 300-700 kgf/cm2.
XRD identified the main crystal phases of the air-purifying photocatalyst and lightweight materials, including Quartz (SiO2), Titanium Oxide (TiO2), Sanidine (KAlSi3O8), and Microcline (KAlSi3O8). According to the formaldehyde (HCHO) removal results, the prepared air-purifying photocatalyst containing 0.286 wt% TiO2 had good photocatalytic activity. The HCHO removal efficiency and CO2 mineralization were 11.52 % and 13.94 %, respectively. In summary, the prepared air-purifying photocatalyst and lightweight materials manufactured from the co-fried fly ash and bottom ash with controlling the basicity could match the National lightweight materials standard but also have a good performance for removing HCHO via photocatalytic degradation. The results of this research could provide a solution for solving a large amount of co-fried fly ash and bottom ash treatment problems. The results also verified the potential for the application and development of high-value materials.

關鍵字(中)

★ 混燒飛灰
★ 混燒底渣
★ 燒結技術
★ 鹽基度
★ 光觸媒催化材料

關鍵字(英)

★ co-fried fly ash
★ co-fried bottom ash
★ sintering
★ basicity
★ air-purifying photocatalyst

論文目次

摘要 i
Abstract iii
誌謝 v
目錄 vii
圖目錄 xi
表目錄 xiii
第一章前言 1
第二章文獻回顧 3
2-1 混燒飛灰及底渣處理現況及性質分析 3
2-1-1 混燒飛灰及底渣產量及物化特性 3
2-1-2混燒飛灰及底渣處理現況 6
2-2 燒結技術之操作條件 11
2-3輕質化材料 21
2-4揮發性有機物之簡介 24
2-4-1揮發性有機物物種及定義 24
2-4-2甲醛 25
2-5光觸媒催化處理揮發性有機化合物 27
2-5-1揮發性有機化合物處理技術 27
2-5-2光觸媒介紹 28
2-5-3二氧化鈦光催化氧化原理機制 32
2-5-4光觸媒去除VOCs之應用 36
2-6光催化氧化技術不同參數對去除率的影響 38
第三章研究材料與方法 49
3-1 實驗材料 49
3-1-1 混燒飛灰及底渣及黏土原料 49
3-1-2 二氧化鈦 49
3-2 實驗操作條件與方法 50
3-2-1 燒結試驗 50
3-2-2 塗佈TiO2試驗 52
3-2-3 甲醛去除試驗 53
3-3 分析項目及方法 56
第四章結果與討論 65
4-1 原料基本特性分析 65
4-1-1 原料之粒徑分析 65
4-1-2 原料之化學特性分析結果 70
4-1-3 原料之紅外線光譜分析結果 73
4-1-4 原料之晶相物種鑑定分析結果 74
4-1-5 原料熱重損失之分析結果 76
4-2燒結產物之材料特性分析 78
4-2-1 燒結產物之燒失量(weight loss on ignition) 78
4-2-2 燒結產物之線性及體積變化率 80
4-2-3 燒結產物之吸水率 83
4-2-4 燒結產物之孔隙率(視孔隙率、開孔率及閉孔率) 85
4-2-5 燒結產物之體密度 89
4-2-6 燒結產物之抗壓強度(Compressive strength) 90
4-2-7 燒結產物材料特性之相關性分析 92
4-2-8 燒結產物之鹽基度(Basicity) 95
4-2-9 鹽基度與燒結產物特性之相關性分析 96
4-2-10燒結產物之重金屬分析結果 101
4-2-11燒結產物之比表面積分析結果 103
4-2-12燒結產物之紅外線光譜分析結果 104
4-2-13燒結產物之晶相物種鑑定分析結果 106
4-3 光觸媒催化材料之特性分析 108
4-3-1 TiO2塗層特性分析 108
4-3-2 TiO2塗層之表面輪廓分析結果 108
4-3-3 光觸媒催化材料之紅外線光譜分析結果 110
4-3-4 光觸媒催化材料之晶相物種鑑定分析結果 111
4-4 光觸媒催化材料甲醛去除之可行性 113
4-4-1 光觸媒催化材料甲醛去除試驗 113
4-4-2 甲醛去除率 115
4-4-3 二氧化碳礦化率 117
4-4-4 光催化反應後光觸媒催化材料之紅外線光譜分析結果 118
4-4-5 光催化反應後光觸媒催化材料之晶相物種鑑定分析結果 120
第五章結論與建議 123
5-1 結論 123
5-2 建議 124
參考文獻 127
附錄 139

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指導教授

江康鈺(Kung-Yuh Chiang)

審核日期

2022-11-17

推文