一種應用於繞射式光波導型擴增實境裝置的微LED型投影顯示器之研究

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姓名

張文彥(Wen-Yen Chang) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

光機電工程研究所

論文名稱

一種應用於繞射式光波導型擴增實境裝置的微LED型投影顯示器之研究

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至系統瀏覽論文 (2028-6-13以後開放)

摘要(中)

隨著元宇宙概念的提出，周遭相關產業也隨之蓬勃發展，而透過虛擬實境的技術可以提供一種現實與虛擬世界溝通的方式。AR智慧眼鏡為現階段技術開發的重點之一，其中以光波導整合元件搭配微LED型投影顯示器為最具潛力的解決方案。本研究建立一套基於光分佈函數理論的顯示器光學品質之評價演算技術，包括對比度以及系統總能量使用效率。透過模擬軟體與所建立的演算技術快速收斂微LED型投影顯示器應用於具EPE技術之SRG型光波導系統的不同結構配置以及參數，得到相對最佳的系統總能量使用效率。由模擬軟體分析結果得知顯示器架構黑色光阻陣列、微透鏡陣列以及孔徑遮光板可以有效抑制光學串擾現象，對比度由5:1提升至無限大比一，透過光波導系統角度出光率分佈特性調控顯示器結構參數將光源能量調製到有效角度範圍內，於雙層微透鏡陣列架構且基板厚度為1.42 ??以及2.33 ??時可以將總能量使用效率由1.26%提升至2.63%，提升52%，在不同實施例中驗證本研究提出的演算技術並透過軟體優化模組擬定一具權重分佈特性之最佳化策略，於單層膠合型微透鏡陣列架構時可以將總能量使用效率由2.44%提升至2.57%，提升5%，最後探討EPE技術的可行性以及光學系統影像的均勻度。

摘要(英)

With the emergence of the Metaverse concept, related industries have flourished, and virtual reality technology provides a means of communication between the real and virtual worlds. Augmented Reality (AR) smart glasses, incorporating waveguide-integrated components and microLED-based projection displays, are a key focus of current technological development. This study establishes an evaluation algorithm based on the optical distribution function theory for assessing the optical quality of displays, including contrast ratio and system total energy efficiency. By utilizing simulation software and the developed algorithm, the microLED-based projection display is efficiently optimized for different structural configurations and parameters within an surface relief grating (SRG)-type waveguide system employing the exit pupil expander (EPE) technique. The relative optimal system total energy efficiency is determined. Analysis of simulation software results reveals that the display architecture, with a black matrix array, micro-lens array, and aperture matrix, effectively suppresses optical crosstalk, improving the contrast ratio from 5:1 to infinity. By controlling the angular emission distribution characteristics of the waveguide system, display structural parameters modulate the energy of the light source within the effective angular range, In the case of a dual-layer micro-lens array architecture with substrate thicknesses of 1.42 ?? and 2.33 ??, the total energy efficiency was increased from 1.26% to 2.63%, resulting in a 52% improvement. The proposed algorithm technique was validated in different implementation scenarios, and an optimization strategy with weighted distribution characteristics was determined through a software optimization module. In the case of a single-layer doublet micro-lens array architecture, the total energy efficiency was increased from 2.44% to 2.57%, resulting in a 5% improvement. Finally, the feasibility of EPE technology and the uniformity of the optical system image are discussed.

關鍵字(中)

★ 光波導
★ 微LED型投影顯示器
★ 光學串擾
★ 能量使用效率

關鍵字(英)

★ Waveguide
★ MicroLED projection display
★ Optical crosstalk
★ Energy efficiency

論文目次

中文摘要 i
Abstract ii
致謝 iii
目錄 iv
圖目錄 vi
表目錄 x
第一章緒論 1
1-1 研究背景 1
1-2 研究動機與目的 3
1-3 文獻回顧 4
1-3-1 微LED型投影顯示器 4
1-3-2 表面浮雕光柵光波導 7
1-3-3 具EPE技術之SRG型光波導系統模擬架構 11
1-4 論文架構 13
第二章研究方法 14
2-1 基礎理論 14
2-1-1 光度學 14
2-1-2 幾何光學 16
2-1-3 圓錐曲面 20
2-2 數值模擬方法 21
2-2-1 嚴格耦合波分析法 22
2-2-2 雙向散射分佈函數 26
2-2-3 蒙地卡羅光線追跡法 27
2-3 光分佈函數理論 28
2-3-1 擬合函數 28
2-3-2 平均絕對百分比誤差 29
2-4 顯示器性能評價函數 29
2-5 研究流程 30
第三章微LED型投影顯示器 32
3-1 顯示器規格 32
3-2 顯示器結構設計與分析 33
第四章 SRG型光波導出光率角度權重分佈 45
4-1 耦入光柵結構BSDF繞射效率 45
4-2 耦出光柵結構BSDF繞射效率 48
4-3 SRG光波導系統出光效率 50
4-4 評價函數定義與計算 61
第五章微LED型投影顯示器光學品質分析 63
5-1 黑色矩陣型光阻結構 63
5-2 遮光板結構參數調控 70
5-3 微透鏡陣列結構參數調控 75
5-4 微透鏡陣列基板厚度分析 78
5-5 最佳化與驗證 82
5-6 均勻度 93
第六章結論 103
6-1 結論 103
6-2 未來展望 105
第七章參考文獻 106

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指導教授

陳奇夆(Chi-Feng Chen)

審核日期

2023-7-10

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