年齡相關變化意識、時間觀以及中高齡工作者持續工作動機之關聯性—一項調節式中介模型的探討

以作者查詢圖書館館藏

、以作者查詢臺灣博碩士

、以作者查詢全國書目

、勘誤回報

、線上人數：131

、訪客IP：3.147.45.248

姓名

許淑真(Shu-Chen Hsu) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

人力資源管理研究所在職專班

論文名稱

年齡相關變化意識、時間觀以及中高齡工作者持續工作動機之關聯性—一項調節式中介模型的探討
(The Relationship between Age-Related Change in Awareness, Time Perspective, and the Motivation to Continue Working among Middle-Aged and Older Workers: An Exploration of a Moderated Mediation Model)

相關論文

★ 組織精簡與員工態度探討 - 以A公司人力重整計劃為例。	★ 訓練成效評估及影響訓練移轉之因素探討----一項時間管理訓練之研究
★ 主管領導風格、業務員工作習慣及專業證照對組織承諾與工作績效之相關研究	★ 研發專業人員職能需求之研究-以某研究機構為例
★ 人力資本、創新資本與組織財務績效關聯性之研究	★ 企業人力資源跨部門服務HR人員之角色、工作任務及所需職能之研究
★ 新進保全人員訓練成效之評估	★ 人力資源專業人員職能之研究－一項追蹤性的研究
★ 影響企業實施接班人計劃的成功因素	★ 主管管理能力、工作動機與工作績效之關聯性探討─以A公司為例
★ 影響安全氣候因子之探討-以汽車製造業為例	★ 台電公司不同世代員工工作價值觀差異及對激勵措施偏好之研究
★ 不同的激勵措施對員工工作滿足及工作投入之影響性分析	★ 工作價值觀、工作滿足對組織承諾之影響(以A通訊公司研發人員為例)
★ 薪資公平知覺與組織承諾關係之探討－以內外控人格特質為干擾變項	★ 改善活動訓練成效評量之研究

檔案

[Endnote RIS 格式]

[Bibtex 格式]

[相關文章]

[文章引用]

[完整記錄]

[館藏目錄]

[檢視]

[下載]

本電子論文使用權限為同意立即開放。
已達開放權限電子全文僅授權使用者為學術研究之目的，進行個人非營利性質之檢索、閱讀、列印。
請遵守中華民國著作權法之相關規定，切勿任意重製、散佈、改作、轉貼、播送，以免觸法。

摘要(中)

隨著人口老化，企業面臨嚴峻的勞動力短缺挑戰。中高齡員工作為勞動力市場的重要組成部分，其工作意願和留任動機對於企業的發展至關重要。本研究探討中高齡員工年齡相關變化意識利得、損失與持續工作動機之間的關係，並進一步探討未來時間觀中介效果以及過去積極時間觀在其中的調節作用。
研究結果表明，年齡相關變化意識利得與持續工作動機呈正向相關，而年齡相關變化意識損失則與持續工作動機呈負向相關。未來時間觀支持部分中介作用。此外，研究發現過去積極的時間觀並未對未來時間觀與持續工作動機之間的關係產生調節作用。
本研究強調中高齡員工年齡相關變化意識對其持續工作動機的影響，並揭示未來時間觀在其中的部份中介作用。研究結果為企業制定針對中高齡員工的人力資源管理策略提供了實證依據，有助於提高中高齡員工的留任率，促進企業的發展。

摘要(英)

As the population ages, enterprises face the severe challenge of labor shortages. Middle-aged and older employees are a crucial part of the labor market, and their willingness to work and motivation to stay are vital for the development of enterprises. This study explores the relationship between age-related awareness of gains and losses and continuous work motivation among middle-aged and older employees. It further investigates the mediating effect of future time perspective and the moderating effect of past positive time perspective.
The research findings indicate that age-related awareness of gains is positively correlated with continuous work motivation, while age-related awareness of losses is negatively correlated with continuous work motivation. Future time perspective partially mediates this relationship. Additionally, the study finds that past positive time perspective does not moderate the relationship between future time perspective and continuous work motivation.
This study emphasizes the impact of age-related awareness on the continuous work motivation of middle-aged and older employees and reveals the partial mediating role of future time perspective. The findings provide empirical evidence for enterprises to develop human resource management strategies for middle-aged and older employees, which can help improve their retention rates and promote the development of enterprises.

關鍵字(中)

★ 年齡相關變化意識（AARC）
★ 持續工作動機
★ 未來時間觀
★ 過去積極時間觀

關鍵字(英)

★ Awareness of Age-Related Change (AARC)
★ Continuous Work Motivation
★ Future Time Perspective
★ Past -Positive Time Perspective

論文目次

目錄
中文摘要 I
ABSTRACT III
目錄 V
圖目錄 VII
表目錄 VII
第一章緒論 1
1-1研究背景 1
1-2 研究動機與目的 2
第二章文獻探討 9
2-1 社會情感選擇性理論 9
2-2 持續工作動機 11
2-3 年齡相關變化意識 14
2-4 未來時間觀 17
2-5 過去積極時間觀 20
2-6 中高齡工作者在年齡相關變化意識與持續工作動機的關聯 21
2-7 未來時間觀在年齡相關變化意識與持續工作動機的中介效果 24
2-8 過去積極時間觀在年齡相關變化意識、未來時間觀、持續工作動機的調節及調節式中介效果 28
第三章研究方法 30
3-1 研究架構 30
3-2 研究對象樣本與資料蒐集 31
3-3 研究工具 32
3-3-1 持續工作動機 33
3-3-2 年齡相關變化意識利得 33
3-3-3 年齡相關變化意識損失 34
3-3-4 未來時間觀 34
3-3-5 過去積極時間觀 34
3-3-6 控制變項 35
第四章研究結果 36
4-1 資料來源與樣本特性 36
4-2 信度與效度分析 38
4-2-1 信度分析 38
4-2-2 收斂效度 38
4-2-3 區辨效度 39
4-3 驗證性因素分析 40
4-4 相關分析 41
4-5 假設檢定 42
4-5-1年齡相關變化意識與持續工作動機相關性、未來時間觀中介效果 42
4-5-2 過去積極時間觀的調節與調節式中介效果 44
第五章結論與建議 47
5-1 研究結論與討論 47
5-2 研究貢獻 51
5-3 管理意涵 52
5-4 研究限制及未來建議 54
參考文獻 57

圖目錄
圖1工作年齡人口 1
圖2成年後期與工作目標和決定因素的組織框架 13
圖3研究架構圖 30
表目錄
表1 年齡相關變化意識維度概述表 17
表2樣本特性分析表 37
表3 組合信度分析表 38
表4 收斂效度分析表 39
表5 區辨效度分析表 40
表6-1 驗證性因素分析表 40
表6-2 驗證性因素分析表 41
表7 相關性分析表 42
表8-1 未來時間觀的中介效果以年齡相關變化意識利得為自變項 43
表8-2 未來時間觀的中介效果以年齡相關變化意識損失為自變項 44
表9 過去積極時間觀的調節效果 45
表10-1 過去積極時間觀調節式中介效果以年齡相關變化意識利得為自變項 46
表10-2 過去積極時間觀調節式中介效果以年齡相關變化意識損失為自變項 47
表11 研究結果彙整表 48

參考文獻

行政院全球資訊網中高齡者及高齡者就業促進法（2019）。新聞傳播處。https://www.ey.gov.tw/Page/5A8A0CB5B41DA11E/94f0e79c-ef0f-4f52-9352-07515172fcff。
簡國帆（2023），職場高齡化趨勢！報告：未來幾年1.5億個工作轉向年長勞工。經濟日報由聯合新聞網授權轉載。https://www.worldjournal.com/wj/story/121209/7308785。
葉卉軒（2023），《中高齡就業趨勢報告》出爐85%中高齡仍有工作需求。經濟日報。https://udn.com/news/story/7238/7528434。
王彥鈞、林雍琁（2024），救業壯世代／高齡社會！45歲以上將成勞動主力學者鼓勵非工作社會參與。聯合報。https://udn.com/news/story/7269/7809042。
陳慧娟、游心慈、劉怡佳（2016）。教育鐘點戰:時間觀在適性教學與輔導的啟示。
國立臺灣師範大學教育心理與輔導學系。專題論文。https://doi.org/10.6249/SE.2016.67.1.03。
周俐君（2017），「高齡員工持續工作動機之研究—探討知覺高齡相關人資方案的調節式中介作用」，國立中央大學，碩士論文。
徐秉心（2019），「中高齡員工年齡、未來時間觀與工作動機之關聯性研究— 目標導向的調節式中介效果之檢驗」，國立中央大學，碩士論文。
鄭羽伶（2020），「中高齡員工年齡、未來時間觀、人力資源措施滿意度與持續工作動機間的關係—調節式中介模型的作用」，國立中央大學，碩士論文。
Anxo, D., & Ericson, T. (2023). Senior citizens′ intrinsic and extrinsic work motivation. International journal of manpower,44(9), 216-236. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJM-12-2022-0578.
Bal, P. M., Jansen, P. G., Van der Velde, M. E., de Lange, A. H., & Rousseau, D. M. (2010). The role of future time perspective in psychological contracts: A study among older workers. Journal of vocational behavior, 76(3), 474-486. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2010.01.002.
Bonem, E. M., Ellsworth, P. C., & Gonzalez, R. (2015). Age differences in risk: Perceptions, intentions and domains. Journal of Behavioral Decision Making, 28(4), 317-330.
Brothers, A., Gabrian, M., Wahl, H. W., & Diehl, M. (2016). Future time perspective and awareness of age-related change: Examining their role in predicting psychological well-being. Psychology and aging, 31(6), 605. https://doi.org/10.1037/pag0000101.
Brothers, A., Gabrian, M., Wahl, H. W., & Diehl, M. (2019). A new multidimensional questionnaire to assess awareness of age-related change (AARC). The Gerontologist, 59(3), e141-e151. https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/gny006.
Barber, S. J., & Strickland-Hughes, C. M. (2019). The relationship between future time perspective and memory control beliefs in older adults. Research in Human Development, 16(2), 156-174. https://doi.org/10.1080/15427609.2019.1635859.
Carstensen, L. L., Isaacowitz, D. M., & Charles, S. T. (1999). Taking time seriously: A theory of socioemotional selectivity. American psychologist, 54(3), 165. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.54.3.165.
Charles, S. T., & Urban, E. J. (2015). Socioemotional selectivity theory/future time perspective. The encyclopedia of adulthood and aging, 1-5. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118521373.wbeaa100.
Carstensen, L. L. (2021). Socioemotional selectivity theory: The role of perceived endings in human motivation. The Gerontologist, 61(8), 1188-1196. https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnab116.
Carstensen, L. L., & Reynolds, M. E. (2023). Age differences in preferences through the lens of socioemotional selectivity theory. The Journal of the Economics of Ageing, 24, 100440. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeoa.2022.100440.
Drake, L., Duncan, E., Sutherland, F., Abernethy, C., & Henry, C. (2008). Time perspective and correlates of wellbeing. Time & Society, 17(1), 47-61. https://doi.org/10.1177/0961463X07086304.
Diehl, M. K., & Wahl, H. W. (2010). Awareness of age-related change: Examination of a (mostly) unexplored concept. Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 65(3), 340-350. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbp110.
Dutt, A. J., Wahl, H. W., & Diehl, M. (2018). Awareness of aging processes. Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190236557.013.397.
Diehl, M., Wahl, H. W., Barrett, A. E., Brothers, A. F., Miche, M., Montepare, J. M., ... & Wurm, S. (2014). Awareness of aging: Theoretical considerations on an emerging concept. Developmental Review, 34(2), 93-113. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dr.2014.01.001.
Dychtwald, K., Morison, R., & Terveer, K. (2024）。Redesigning Retirement. It’s time for a new deal between employers and older workers. Harvard Business Review.
Fernández Da Lama, R. G., & Brenlla, M. E. (2023). Past-Positive time perspective predicts academic achievement via motivation, and procrastination might not be as bad as it seems. Journal of Applied Research in Higher Education, 15(2), 392-410. https://doi.org/10.1108/JARHE-11-2021-0413.
Gabrian, M., Dutt, A. J., & Wahl, H. W. (2017). Subjective time perceptions and aging well: A review of concepts and empirical research-A mini-review. Gerontology, 63(4), 350-358. https://doi.org/10.1159/000470906.
Growney, C., Chu, L., & Carstensen, L. (2023). Workplace emotional experiences, time savoring, and helping behaviors in an age-diverse sample of adults. Innovation in Aging, 7(Suppl 1), 554. https://doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igad104.1818.
Hess, T. M. (2006). Attitudes toward aging and their effects on behavior. In Handbook of the psychology of aging (pp. 379-406). Academic Press.
https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-012101264-9/50020-3.
Isaacowitz, D. M., Freund, A. M., Mayr, U., Rothermund, K., & Tobler, P. N. (2021). Age-related changes in the role of social motivation: Implications for healthy aging. The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, 76(Supplement_2), S115-S124. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbab032.
Kozik, P., Drewelies, J., Düzel, S., Demuth, I., Steinhagen-Thiessen, E., Gerstorf, D., & Hoppmann, C. A. (2020). Future time perspective: Dimensions of opportunities, life, and time are differentially associated with physical health, cognitive functioning, and well-being in old age. Aging & Mental Health, 24(9), 1487-1495. https://doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2019.1594159.
Kooij, D., De Lange, A., Jansen, P., & Dikkers, J. (2008). Older workers′ motivation to continue to work: Five meanings of age: A conceptual review. Journal of managerial psychology, 23(4), 364-394.
https://doi.org/10.1108/02683940810869015.
Kooij, D., & Van De Voorde, K. (2011). How changes in subjective general health predict future time perspective, and development and generativity motives over the lifespan. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 84(2), 228-247. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8325.2010.02012.
.Kooij, D. T., De Lange, A. H., Jansen, P. G., Kanfer, R., & Dikkers, J. S. (2011). Age and work‐related motives: Results of a meta‐analysis. Journal of organizational behavior, 32(2), 197-225. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.665.
Kooij, D. T., Tims, M., & Akkermans, J. (2017). The influence of future time perspective on work engagement and job performance: The role of job crafting. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 26(1), 4-15. https://doi.org/10.1080/1359432X.2016.1209489.
Kaspar, R., Gabrian, M., Brothers, A., Wahl, H. W., & Diehl, M. (2019). Measuring awareness of age-related change: Development of a 10-item short form for use in large-scale surveys. The Gerontologist, 59(3), e130-e140. https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnx213.
Kanfer, R., & Fletcher, K. A. (2020). Work motivation and employment goals in later adulthood. Current and emerging trends in aging and work, 219-241.
Kozik, P., Drewelies, J., Düzel, S., Demuth, I., Steinhagen-Thiessen, E., Gerstorf, D., & Hoppmann, C. A. (2020). Future time perspective: Dimensions of opportunities, life, and time are differentially associated with physical health, cognitive functioning, and well-being in old age. Aging & Mental Health, 24(9), 1487-1495. https://doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2019.1594159.
Kaspar, R., Schilling, O. K., Diehl, M., Gerstorf, D., Rupprecht, F. S., Sabatini, S., & Wahl, H. W. (2023). Differences in self-perceptions of aging across the adult lifespan: The sample case of awareness of age-related gains and losses. Psychology and Aging. https://doi.org/10.1037/pag0000783.
Levy, B. R. (2003). Mind matters: Cognitive and physical effects of aging self-stereotypes. The Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 58(4), P203- P211. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/58.4.P203.
Lens, W., Paixao, M. P., Herrera, D., & Grobler, A. (2012). Future time pespective as a motivational variable: Content and extension of future goals affect the quantity and quality of motivation. Japanese psychological research, 54(3), 321-333. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-5884.2012.00520.
Matthews, G., & Stolarski, M. (2014). Emotional processes in development and dynamics of individual time perspective. Time perspective theory; review, research and application: Essays in honor of Philip G. Zimbardo (pp. 269-286). Springer International Publishing.
Michiels, M., Schalk, M. J. D., & Verhagen, M. (2014). The intention of older people to continue working.
Mooney, A., Earl, J. K., Mooney, C. H., & Bateman, H. (2017). Using balanced time perspective to explain well-being and planning in retirement. Frontiers in psychology, 8, 1781. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01781.
Neupert, S. D., & Bellingtier, J. A. (2017). Aging attitudes and daily awareness of age-related change interact to predict negative affect. The Gerontologist, 57(suppl_2), S187-S192. https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnx055.
Pak, K., Kooij, D. T., De Lange, A. H., & Van Veldhoven, M. J. (2019). Human Resource Management and the ability, motivation and opportunity to continue working: A review of quantitative studies. Human Resource Management Review, 29(3), 336-352. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2018.07.002.
Socioemotional Selectivity Theory/Future Time Perspective.
https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118521373.wbeaa100.
Sailer, U., Rosenberg, P., Al Nima, A., Gamble, A., Gärling, T., Archer, T., & Garcia, D. (2014). A happier and less sinister past, a more hedonistic and less fatalistic present and a more structured future: time perspective and well-being. PeerJ, 2, e303. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.303.
Stănescu, D. F., & Iorga, E. M. (2015). An exploratory study regarding the relations between time perspective, achievement motivation and self-regulation. Management Dynamics in the Knowledge Economy, 3(1), 7-7.
Stolarski, M., Zajenkowski, M., Jankowski, K. S., & Szymaniak, K. (2020). Deviation from the balanced time perspective: A systematic review of empirical relationships with psychological variables. Personality and Individual Differences, 156, 109772. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2019.109772.
Sabatini, S., Silarova, B., Martyr, A., Collins, R., Ballard, C., Anstey, K. J., ... & Clare, L. (2020). Associations of awareness of age-related change with emotional and physical well-being: A systematic review and meta-analysis. The Gerontologist, 60(6), e477-e490. https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnz101.
Sabatini, S., Rupprecht, F. S., Diehl, M., Wahl, H. W., Kaspar, R., Schilling, O. K., & Gerstorf, D. (2023). Levels of awareness of age-related gains and losses throughout adulthood and their developmental correlates. Psychology and Aging. https://doi.org/10.1037/pag0000784.
Templer, A., Armstrong‐Stassen, M., & Cattaneo, J. (2010). Antecedents of older workers′ motives for continuing to work. Career Development International, 15(5), 479-500. https://doi.org/10.1108/13620431011075349.
Ukoumunne, O. C., Ballard, C., Brothers, A., Kaspar, R., Collins, R., Kim, S., ... & Clare, L. (2020). International relevance of Two Measures of Awareness of Age-Related Change (AARC).
Walker, T. L., & Tracey, T. J. (2012). The role of future time perspective in career decision-making. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 81(2), 150-158. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2012.06.002.
Wrosch, C., & Scheier, M. F. (2020). Adaptive self-regulation, subjective well-being, and physical health: The importance of goal adjustment capacities. Advances in motivation science, 7, 199-238. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.adms.2019.07.001.
Weiss, M., Weiss, D., & Zacher, H. (2022). All set in stone? How essentialist beliefs about aging affect older workers′ motivation to continue working beyond retirement age. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 43(8), 1446-1461. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.2647.
Wilton-Harding, B., Weber, N., & Windsor, T. D. (2022). Awareness of age-related gains and losses as moderators of daily stress reactivity in middle-and older-adulthood. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 13, 929657. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2022.929657.
Wilton-Harding, B., & Windsor, T. D. (2022). Awareness of age-related change, future time perspective, and implications for goal adjustment in older adulthood. Aging & Mental Health, 26(6), 1189-1197. https://doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2021.1893269.
Windsor, T. D., Abbott, M. J., Cations, M., Howard, A. J., & Wilton-Harding, B. (2022). Subjective perceptions of age-related gains buffer negative associations of perceived age-related losses with health, well-being, and engagement. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 46(2), 118-124. https://doi.org/10.1177/01650254211039025.

指導教授

林文政(Wen-Jeng Lin)

審核日期

2024-7-17

推文