延長工時對於工作壓力之影響-以內、外工作動機為調節變項

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李心茹(LI, HSIN-JU) 查詢紙本館藏

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人力資源管理研究所在職專班

論文名稱

延長工時對於工作壓力之影響-以內、外工作動機為調節變項

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摘要(中)

2004年聯合國發佈《Who Cares Wins》報告，ESG成為企業經營的評估指標。而當中「S」社會責任當中，標示企業須重視員工安全與身心健康。2015年時，更進一步宣布「2030永續發展目標」（Sustainable Development Goals, SDGs），指引全球共同努力邁向永續。其中的17項目標當中，包含了確保身心健康以及讓每個人都有一份好工作。因此工作與身心健康已經成為企業在公司治理上重要的環節。尤其員工壓力與利潤追求之間的平衡，是現代企業的重點議題。

本研究以勞動部於107 年 5 月辦理「勞工生活及就業狀況調查」之勞工生活、就業狀況，探討勞資雙方都亟需找出解方的加班與工作壓力平衡關係。發現員工自發性的內在動機，以及資方為促使員工加班創造績效，而實施之獎勵措施，即外在動機，均能調節員工工作壓力程度。將因為加班而導致的工作壓力，出現負向的影響。內外在動機確實能減弱加班而出現的工作壓力。

摘要(英)

In 2004, the United Nations released the "Who Cares Wins" report, marking ESG (Environmental, Social, and Governance) criteria as assessment indicators for corporate operations. Within the "S" (Social) aspect of corporate social responsibility, it emphasizes the importance for companies to prioritize employee safety and well-being. Furthermore, in 2015, the announcement of the "2030 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)" provided a framework guiding global efforts towards sustainability. Among the 17 goals outlined, ensuring mental and physical health and promoting decent work for all are included. Consequently, the integration of work and mental well-being has become a crucial component in corporate governance. Particularly, achieving a balance between employee stress and profit pursuit has become a focal point in modern business discourse.
This study explores the relationship between overtime work and work stress, for which both labor and management urgently need to find solutions, based on "Survey on Labor and Employment Conditions" conducted by the Ministry of Labor in May 2018, government surveys on labor living conditions and employment status. It was found that both intrinsic motivation, stemming from employees themselves, and extrinsic motivation, driven by management to incentivize overtime for performance, could moderate the level of work stress experienced by employees. The study reveals a negative impact of work stress resulting from overtime. Both intrinsic and extrinsic motivations indeed mitigate the work stress induced by overtime.

關鍵字(中)

★ 工時延長
★ 工作動機
★ 工作壓力
★ 調節作用
★ 迴歸分析

關鍵字(英)

★ Extended working hours
★ Work motivation
★ Work stress
★ Moderating effect
★ Regression analysis

論文目次

中文摘要...................................................i
英文摘要................................................. ii
謝誌.................................................... iii
目錄..................................................... iv
圖目錄.....................................................v
表目錄.................................................... v
第一章、緒論............................................... 1
1-1 研究動機及目的......................................... 1
1-2 研究架構.............................................. 3
第二章、文獻探討........................................... 4
2-1 工作時間與延長工時（加班）.............................. 4
2-2 工作壓力.............................................. 7
2-3 工作動機............................................. 16
2-4 內、外在工作動機理論.................................. 19
2-5 研究假說............................................. 20
第三章、研究方法.......................................... 24
3-1 研究樣本............................................. 24
3-2 變項定義與說明........................................ 25
3-3 分析方法............................................. 29
第四章、研究結果.......................................... 30
4-1 敘述性分析........................................... 30
4-2 相關分析............................................. 32
4-3 迴歸分析............................................. 32
第五章、結論與建議........................................ 36
5-1 研究結論............................................. 36
5-2 管理意涵............................................. 37
5-3 研究限制............................................. 38
第六章、參考文獻.......................................... 40

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三、網站資料
1.國家發展委員會：2020年IMD世界競爭力評比臺灣第11名
https://www.ndc.gov.tw/nc_27_34232
2.勞動部：2019世界各國法定工時比較
https://www.mol.gov.tw/
3.工作壓力是績效的雙面刃(王建興,2013)
https://www.ithome.com.tw/voice/80740
4.商業週刊：台灣工時全球第5名
台灣淪為「晚媽社會」：沒人顧小孩，誰敢生？
https://www.businessweekly.com.tw/careers/blog/19284
5.經濟日報：台灣職場加班文化盛行逾六成上班族憂過勞、想離職
https://money.udn.com/money/story/5648/7944788
6.兒福聯盟：高工時、低工資，親子關係淪為犧牲品
https://www.children.org.tw/news/news_detail/2030

指導教授

陳明園

審核日期

2024-7-25

推文