適應性前向錯誤更正在無線網路的影像傳輸研究

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鍾耀霆(Yao-Ting Chung) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

資訊工程學系

論文名稱

適應性前向錯誤更正在無線網路的影像傳輸研究
(Adaptive Forward Error Correction for Video Delivery over Wireless Networks)

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摘要(中)

由於無線網路技術的蓬勃發展，加上多媒體應用快速普及與資料編解碼技術成熟，使得無線網路結合影音多媒體以提供各式多樣化服務已是通訊技術中一項重要的必然趨勢。但由於無線通道的傳送品質具有明顯的不可靠性，使得影音多媒體服務在無線網路上的傳送充滿挑戰性。無線網路中通常用前向錯誤更正（Forward Error Correction，FEC）降低無線通道中的高位元錯誤率（Bit Error Rate，BER）。FEC通過發送多餘資訊進行錯誤恢復，糾正越高的BER需要越多的多餘資訊。對於無線網路中變動較大的BER來說，採用更正錯誤能力低的編碼在遇到高BER時沒有顯著改善，採用更正錯誤能力高的編碼在低BER情況下又浪費頻寬，合理的做法是使用動態的FEC來適應BER的變化。為了提高前向錯誤更正（FEC）編碼在影像傳輸上的效能，我們提出了一種改進的適應性前向錯誤更正傳輸機制（AFEC）。新機制中，發送端收到回饋資訊後，再決定是否使用錯誤更正碼（FEC）傳輸，同時會根據網路的環境狀況，來調整資料的附加長度（Redundancy），且不會為了等待回饋資訊而停止資料傳送。實驗上的比較結果，我們比較了不同類型的實驗影片，AFEC的影像明顯比傳統不加FEC方法的影像品質好。在PSNR的計算方面，在PER為0.2時，多出10 db以上。而與固定FEC的比較，顯示在接近相同影像品質的表現，AFEC所花費的封包冗餘率明顯比較少，以在PER為0.005為例，AFEC只增加不到6%的冗餘封包，固定FEC則仍然需要增加100%的冗餘封包。同時本文提出平均畫面損壞率的概念，並且估計錯誤率。使用者可以根據所需要的影像品質條件，來設定AFEC的最佳的臨界值。

摘要(英)

With the advance of wireless network technologies, wireless multimedia applications can be
widely used in the near future. The video transmission over wireless networks is an important and
inevitable trend by providing handheld devices with the telecommunication technique. However,
the wireless networks are not trustworthy and reliable. The video multi-media over the wireless
network service will be filled with challenges. The forward error correction (FEC) usually
reduces the errors of the wireless networks with high bit error rate (BER). The FEC sends out
redundant data packets to recover the data errors. If we want to correct data during the wireless
networks with higher BER, we need to send more redundant information. If the BER of wireless
networks is high, the low-strength error correction coding does not offer notable improvement.
On the other hand, the high-strength of error correction coding in low BER would waste network
bandwidth. It is reasonable that using dynamic FEC adapts the variety of BER. For raising the
power of forward error correction for video delivery over wireless networks, we present an
adaptive forward error correction (AFEC) mechanism.
In our AFEC mechanism, if the sender receives feedback information, it will decide whether
the forward error correction transmission should be used or not. The AFEC would adjust the
additional length (redundancy) of data according to the BER of wireless networks. The sender
would not stop transferring data for waiting the feedback information. The result of the
experiments reveals that the AFEC mechanism can improve the quality of video delivery over
bad situations. The experiment comparison result shows that the image quality of AFEC
obviously better than the image quality without FEC method. When PER is 0.2, The PSNR of
AFEC mechanism is higher without FEC mechanism more than 10 db. The result shows that the
image quality of AFEC mechanism almost the same with fixed FEC mechanism. However, AFEC
mechanism cost less redundant packets obviously. When PER is 0.005, the AFEC mechanism
only increase 6% redundancies. In the same situation, Fixed FEC mechanism still increase 100%
redundancies. The AFEC provides a new method for transferring online video. We also suggest a
mean frame corruption rate which estimates a video error rate. The user can set the optimal
threshold value for AFEC according to different video quality level.

關鍵字(中)

★ 無線網路
★ 位元誤差率
★ 前向錯誤更正
★ 影像品質

關鍵字(英)

★ Bit error rate
★ wireless networks
★ forward error correction
★ video quality

論文目次

第一章簡介 1
第二章相關研究與背景技術 3
2.1 相關研究 3
2.2 前向錯誤更正（Forward Error Correction）簡介 5
2.3 視訊編碼簡介 8
2.4 影像品質評估 9
第三章錯誤更正方法與畫面損失分析 11
3.1適應性前向錯誤更正方法（Adaptive Forward Error Correction） 11
3.2 資料流的封包遺失造成的畫面損失分析 15
3.2.1 封包錯誤率（Packet Error Rate） 15
3.2.2 畫面損壞率與畫面品質 17
3.2.3 平均畫面損壞率 18
3.3 加入前向錯誤更正碼機制的封包遺失造成的畫面損失分析 23
第四章實驗結果與分析 26
4.1 模擬架構說明 26
4.2 AFEC機制中開啟FEC與FEC編碼強度轉換的分析 28
4.3 AFEC與不同FEC機制的效能比較測試 33
第五章結論 41
參考文獻 42

參考文獻

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指導教授

許健平(Jang-Ping Sheu)

審核日期

2007-7-14

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