Large-volume Microwave Cavity Design for the Taiwan Axion Search Experiment with Haloscope

以作者查詢圖書館館藏

、以作者查詢臺灣博碩士

、以作者查詢全國書目

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姓名

吳秉宜(Ping-I Wu) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

物理學系

論文名稱

(Large-volume Microwave Cavity Design for the Taiwan Axion Search Experiment with Haloscope)

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摘要(中)

在軸子(Axion)偵測實驗中，共振腔的品質因子(quality factor)、form factor和體積都很重要。大多數實驗通常使用帶有調頻桿的圓柱形腔體；然而，它們的體積受到實驗的目標共振頻率的限制。因此，我們需要研發一種具有良好性能的新型可調頻的共振腔體。在2020年，一種叫做圓錐殼共振腔體(conic-shell cavity)的新穎結構被提出。我模擬了圓錐殼共振腔體的特性，並透過測量兩個用鋁製成的樣品驗證了模擬的結果。使用這種設計，我們預期能將實驗對軸子-光子-光子耦合(axion-photon-photon coupling)的靈敏度提高2.6倍。

摘要(英)

In the axion haloscope experiments, the quality factor, form factor, and volume of the resonator are important. Most experiments commonly use cylindrical cavities with a tuning rod; however, their volume is limited by the target resonant frequency. Thus, the development of a new frequency-tunable cavity with a good performance is needed. A novel structure called the conic-shell cavity was proposed in 2020. I simulated the characteristic of the conic-shell cavity and validated the results by measuring the performance of two prototypes fabricated with aluminum. Using this design, we expect to improve the experiment′s sensitivity to the axion-photon-photon coupling by a factor of 2.6.

關鍵字(中)

★ 暗物質
★ 軸子
★ 強CP問題

關鍵字(英)

★ Dark matter
★ Axion
★ Strong CP problem

論文目次

1 Introduction and an Overview of Theory 1
1.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.2 Theoretical Motivations (Axions) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.2.1 Strong-CP problem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.2.2 The Axion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.2.3 Cold Dark Matter Axions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.2.4 Different Types of Axion Experiments . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2 The Taiwan Axion Search Experiment with a Haloscope 5
2.1 The Axion Haloscope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
2.2 Detection Figure of Merit for Cavity Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.3 First Results of TASEH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2.4 Dilution Refrigerator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
3 Resonator 11
3.1 MW Cavity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
3.1.1 Resonator properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
3.2 Simulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
3.3 Measurement method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
3.3.1 S-parameter measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
3.3.2 Electric field distribution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
4 Conic-Shell Cavity 17
4.1 Concept . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
4.2 Dimension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
4.3 Fabrication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
5 First Aluminum Prototype Cavity 27
5.1 Fabrication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
5.2 Dimension measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
5.3 Validation of Tuning Mechanism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
5.4 Electric Field Distribution Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
5.4.1 Probe Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
5.4.2 Bead-pull Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
5.5 Quality factor and possible issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
6 Measurements of the second Aluminum Prototype Cavity 39
6.1 Fabrication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
6.2 Dimension measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
6.3 Validation of Tuning Mechanism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
6.4 Electric Field Distribution Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
6.5 Quality factor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
7 Conclusion 45
Bibliography 47

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指導教授

余欣珊(Shin-Shan Yu)

審核日期

2024-7-30

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