設計與實作基於OVS-DPDK並結合硬體加速的適應性流量卸載策略

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李兆偉(Chao-Wei Lee) 查詢紙本館藏

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論文名稱

設計與實作基於OVS-DPDK並結合硬體加速的適應性流量卸載策略
(Design and Implementation of an Adaptive Flow Offloading Strategy with Hardware-Accelerated OVS-DPDK)

相關論文

★ 設計與實作基於軟體定義網路之 SRv6 適應性路徑選擇方法

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至系統瀏覽論文 (2027-9-1以後開放)

摘要(中)

現今雲端資料中心結合軟體定義網路 (Software-Defined Networking, SDN)、網路功能虛擬化 (Network Function Virtualization, NFV) 與硬體卸載 (Hardware Offloading) 等技術，能夠以可程式化網路方式來強化資料中心的網路架構和加速封包處理過程，使網路基礎設施能承載更多的流量、以及具備更穩定的運作狀態。Open vSwitch (OVS) 是一種SDN/NFV架構下常見的虛擬交換器，能利用智慧型網路卡 (SmartNIC) 將轉發規則卸載至硬體轉發表，進一步加速封包轉發的效率。然而硬體轉發表空間有限，需建立合適的卸載策略以充分利用硬體轉發表的空間。然而一般研究主要是基於固定轉發規則卸載數量上限的同時，盡可能地將所有合適的轉發規則進行卸載與替換，因此無法根據當前網路流量的變化，動態調整所需使用的硬體轉發表空間。
本研究將以資料中心網路的運作情境為背景，結合網路虛擬化架構的軟硬體元件，提出一流量感知的適應性流量卸載 (TA-AFO) 策略。TA-AFO透過持續監控OVS-DPDK上的流量變化，動態調整觸發轉發規則卸載到SmartNIC的門檻值，以減少硬體空間的消耗並確保轉發效率。除此之外，亦將TA-AFO整合至OVS-DPDK中，並使用Nvidia BlueField2智慧型200G網路卡進行驗證。實驗結果顯示，在搭配真實網路流量的模擬環境中，TA-AFO與TFO及Elixir相較之下，平均轉發速率最高可分別提升約18% 及10%，而Drop Rate則可降低至94% 及 93%，並且能夠更快地對網路流量的變化進行反應。

摘要(英)

Nowadays, cloud data centers integrate technologies such as Software-Defined Networking (SDN), Network Function Virtualization (NFV), and Hardware Offloading to strengthen the network architecture and accelerate packet processing through programmable networking, allowing the network infrastructure to handle more traffic and maintain more stable operations. Open vSwitch (OVS) is a common virtual switch in SDN/NFV architectures that utilizes SmartNICs to offload forwarding rules to hardware forwarding tables, significantly accelerating packet forwarding efficiency. However, the limited space in hardware forwarding tables necessitates the development of suitable offloading strategies to maximize their utilization. Most research typically focuses on offloading and replacing all suitable forwarding rules up to a fixed limit, without the capability to dynamically adjust the required hardware forwarding table space based on current network traffic changes.
This study leverages the operational scenarios of data center networks to propose a Traffic-Aware Adaptive Flow Offloading (TA-AFO) strategy, integrating the software and hardware components of network virtualization architectures. TA-AFO continuously monitors traffic changes on OVS-DPDK and dynamically adjusts the thresholds for offloading forwarding rules to SmartNICs, thereby reducing hardware space consumption and ensuring forwarding efficiency. Furthermore, TA-AFO will be integrated into OVS-DPDK and validated using 200G Nvidia BlueField-2 SmartNICs. Experimental results show that, in a simulated environment with real network traffic, TA-AFO achieves an average forwarding rate improvement of up to approximately 18% and 10% compared to TFO and Elixir, respectively. Additionally, the Drop Rate is reduced by up to 94% and 93%, and TA-AFO responds more quickly to changes in network traffic.

關鍵字(中)

★ 軟體定義網路
★ 封包處理
★ 硬體卸載
★ 智慧型網路卡
★ Open vSwitch

關鍵字(英)

★ SDN
★ Packet Processing
★ Hardware Offloading
★ SmartNIC
★ Open vSwitch

論文目次

摘要 I
Abstract II
目錄 III
圖目錄 V
表目錄 VI
一、緒論 1
1.1. 研究背景 1
1.2. 研究動機 2
1.3. 研究目的及預期貢獻 2
1.4. 章節架構 4
二、背景知識與相關研究 5
2.1. Software-Defined Networking 5
2.2. Data Plane Development Kit 6
2.3. Open vSwitch 8
2.4. SmartNIC 10
2.5. 討論 12
三、系統設計 13
3.1. 系統架構 13
3.2. 資料層 14
3.2.1. dpif-netdev模組 14
3.2.2. ofproto-dpif-upcall模組 15
3.3. 控制層 15
3.3.1. 轉發規則的統計資訊蒐集之運作流程 15
3.3.2. TA-AFO模組 16
3.3.3. stats-collection模組 20
四、實驗與評估 22
4.1. 實驗環境 22
4.2. 實驗結果與討論 25
4.2.1. OVS-DPDK已匹配flow卸載之功能驗證 25
4.2.2. SmartNIC卸載流量增加對OVS-DPDK的影響 26
4.2.3. 卸載策略評估 27
4.3. 實驗總結 33
五、結論與未來研究 34
參考文獻 35

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指導教授

蔡邦維陳以錚(Pang-Wei Tsai Yi-Cheng Chen)

審核日期

2024-7-29

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