改善地圖繞境協定應用於無線感測網路上的能量利用與死路避免

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姓名

賴昭榮(Zhao-Rong Lai) 查詢紙本館藏

畢業系所

資訊工程學系

論文名稱

改善地圖繞境協定應用於無線感測網路上的能量利用與死路避免
(Energy balance and dead-end avoidance for geographic routing protocol in wireless sensor networks)

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摘要(中)

由於GPSR（Greedy Perimeter Stateless Routing）最早提出是應用於無線隨意網路（ad hoc network）中的演算法，直接用在WSNs中，因為沒有考慮節點有能力限制的特性，而產生許多問題。例如，不考慮節點所剩下的電量將會導致封包遺失（packet loss），因為節點可能沒有足夠的電力將封包傳遞出去。而不考慮能量的平衡，總是使用某幾條路徑，將會降低網路的生命，無法有效使用能量，導致能量消耗不均，造成部分節點較快死亡，使得死路的問題更加嚴重。。
基於以上原因，研究改良GPSR中貪婪傳遞（greedy forwarding）的步驟，考慮節點的剩餘電量與周圍鄰居的密集度，並估計周期廣播的時間長短，使得WSNs能夠達到能量平均與能量有效率，以延長整個網路的生命。經過模擬結果發現，在總共傳遞的回合數上有4%至27%的成長，而在周圍鄰居較密集的網路環境下則有13%至25%的成長。

摘要(英)

WSNs are distributed event-based systems that consist of thousands of tiny and low-cost nodes. A large number of sensor nodes are densely deployed in a random manner. It is difficult to know network topology. We modify a geographic routing protocol-GPSR, which was designed for ad hoc networks without severe restriction of energy. It may suffer dead-end problem when some node dead or disappear. We want to consider residual energy and node density to improve energy balance and dead-end avoidance based on GPSR. We also estimate the time of Broadcast period. We can find out the total rounds of transmission can prolong 4% to 27%. In density network, it can prolong 13% to 25%.

關鍵字(中)

★ 無線感測網路
★ 繞境協定
★ GPSR
★ 能源利用
★ 死路

關鍵字(英)

★ WSNs
★ routing protocol
★ GPSR
★ energy balance
★ dead end

論文目次

中文摘要 i
英文摘要 ii
謝誌 iii
目錄 iv
圖目錄 v
表目錄 vi
一、緒論 1
1-1　前言 1
1-2　無線感測網路的繞境協定 2
1-3　無線感測網路與無線隨意網路關係 4
1-4　研究動機 4
1-5　論文架構 5
二、相關研究 6
2-1　地理繞境協定（geographic routing protocol） 7
2-1-1　LAF（Location-Aided Flooding） 7
2-1-2　GAF（Geographic Adaptive Fidelity） 8
2-1-3　BeamStar 9
2-2　修改GPSR的協定 11
2-2-1　Enhanced Mechanism in GPSR 11
2-2-2　GPSR-S與GPSR-RED 12
三、架構和演算法 13
3-1　網路模型（Network model） 13
3-2　能量傳輸模型（Radio model） 13
3-3　GPSR（Greedy Perimeter Stateless Routing） 14
3-4　改善的繞境協定 16
3-5　流程與演算法 23
3-5-1　流程 23
3-5-2　演算法 24
四、模擬與效能分析 26
4-1　模擬環境與參數設定 26
4-2　效能分析 26
4-2　模擬結果 27
五、未來展望與結論 32
5-1　討論與未來展望 32
5-2　結論 33
參考文獻 35
附錄 37

參考文獻

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指導教授

曾黎明(Li-Ming Tseng)

審核日期

2009-7-28

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