用過核子燃料乾式貯存設施之混凝土材料耐久性研究

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题名:	用過核子燃料乾式貯存設施之混凝土材料耐久性研究
作者:	陳柏忠;Po-Chung Chen
贡献者:	土木工程研究所
关键词:	乾式貯存;混凝土;耐久性;高溫延時;durability;high temperature elapsed time;concrete;dry storage
日期:	2005-07-06
上传时间:	2009-09-18 17:18:23 (UTC+8)
出版者:	國立中央大學圖書館
摘要:	由於國內核能電廠核子燃料池貯存空間有限，將嚴重影響電廠之運轉，目前規劃乾式貯存設施擴充貯存容量。乾式貯存設施主體由混凝土構成，其貯存用過核子燃料的期限長達數十年，甚至在循環重複使用考量下，可能延長其服務年限。而混凝土需長時間承受用過核子燃料所產生之衰變熱及台灣地區環境氣候條件與電廠建造於臨海區域，貯存設施長期在此種環境下，可能對混凝土造成損害或劣化甚至影響其耐久性。本研究針對乾式貯存設施所使用之混凝土材料，以實驗室模擬混凝土材料內部長期受用過核子燃料持續散發之衰變熱及外在環境因子交互作用下，探討混凝土材料長期在此環境下的行為，分析其可能劣化機制及對耐久性之影響。試驗結果得知 (1)混凝土受高溫250℃範圍內持續作用仍可發揮其抗壓強度；(2)混凝土受高溫作用後，其劈裂強度、脈波波速及動、靜彈性模數在歷時初期折減最為顯著，但隨著歷時時間增加折減現象逐漸趨於緩和，且受熱溫度愈高則初期折減愈為顯著；(3)混凝土受熱後體積將產生收縮，且溫度愈高收縮現象愈嚴重；(4)使用卜作嵐材料取代部份水泥，能改善混凝土抗硫酸鹽侵蝕之能力；(5)混凝土受熱溫度愈高滲透係數值愈高，表示混凝土可能已造成劣化；(6)混凝土受250℃作用後，其抵抗氯離子侵襲能力降低，而使用卜作嵐材料能改善抵抗氯離子入侵的能力；(7)由微觀分析結果顯示，水泥漿體受高溫及歷時下，其內部微結構並無明顯劣化，而使用卜作嵐材料能明顯消耗水泥漿體中的氫氧化鈣含量，使得混凝土更加緻密。 Due to the limit in storage room for spent fuels in nuclear power plants, it is proposed that the spent fuels be stored by dry storage measure. The structure of dry storage measure is mainly made of concrete, and thus the service life of concrete is of great concerns. The concrete used in storage room is expected to endure the decay heat of the nuclear fuel and the environment and weather condition in Taiwan. Further, the concrete might be damaged or degraded under the tough situations to be expected. The research is aimed at investigating the effects of environment on the degradation and durability of concrete in a dry storage facility, with emphasis on the influence of high decay heat to be encountered. We learned from the tests that: (1) Concrete perform well within 250℃, in terms of its compressive strength. (2) After the high temperature attack, the splitting strength, ultrasonic pulse velocity, dynamic and static modulus of elasticity deteriorate remarkably, however, with the passage of time, its deteriorating rate becomes gentle. (3) When the concrete is heated, its volume extracts. The higher the temperature, the more it extracts; (4) The replacement of a portion of cement with pozzolanic materials was found to help the concrete to resist the sulfate attack. (5) In case of high exposure temperature, the permeability coefficient of the concrete would be high. (6) When the temperature climbs to 250℃, concrete’s ability of resist chloride ingress deteriorates. The use of pozzolanic materials help to improve its ability in resisting chloride ingress. (7) The results of the microstructure observations show that concrete does not degrade under a temperature of 250℃.
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