| 摘要: | 糙度（roughness），亦稱為平坦度，為道路表面輪跡縱向剖面起伏的變動量，影響路面行駛品質甚大。平坦之路面行駛舒適快速，可提高道路服務品質，反之，高低起伏嚴重之路面使車輛產生不斷的震動，用路人也會因此感到相當不適，再者，因需要確保安全行車而降低行駛速度，不但使公路的服務水準與效率大大降低，且由於路面之不平坦而造成車輛過度之震動，遂使車輛磨耗、燃料消耗而大大降低車輛使用壽命。 在檢測儀器方面，目前國內尚使用傳統三公尺直規與高低平坦儀，不僅費時費力，計算單點高低差與平坦度標準差程序冗長，不適合路網層級上使用。雖近年來有引進國外相關平坦度檢測儀器，但仍屬極少部分單位擁有，且初期購置成本高，因此，在國內對推動較先進之儀器檢測與國際化指標使用上實屬難題。 本研究改善前一代自行研發智慧型鋪面檢測車，添購新型設備及軟體以改善前一代儀器所遭遇問題，更針對本系統進行一連串的驗證程序，其中包括本系統各項儀器的驗證以及國際糙度指標穩定性等驗證，以上程序皆參考國外相關規範加以驗證，藉由以上驗證程序的進行，除了可增加本檢測系統之可信度，亦可改善平坦度檢測儀器績效不彰之問題。另外，目前以自行研發檢測車中，皆尚未通過中華民國實驗室認證體系（CNLA）認可，雖有進行相關驗證程序，但尚屬研究開發階段，因此本研究希望藉由多項驗證程序，搭配國外相關規範，初步研擬CNLA認證程序相關文件及操作手冊等，冀望可使本自行研發檢測車通過認證許可。 本研究以本智慧型鋪面檢測車搜集桃園縣境內所有鄉道平坦度資料，加以統計分析後，並探討造成道路不平坦之原因。另外結合運研所發展之Videologging系統，於檢測過程中將所有道路基本影像資料加以收集，藉由照片或者連續影像，可使用路人或養護單位對該路段之全貌、各項設施之相關位置及道路兩側土地使用情形，有較全盤性的瞭解，無需至現場，便可進行初步勘驗道路沿線狀況。 本研究收集桃園縣近三年鄉道養護資料，統計其養護面積大小、養護總結算經費、養護方式與養護維修成本等，並結合平坦度檢測資料進行鄉道養護門檻值之訂立，結果為6.65 m/km。另外，將以上所有資料應用於鋪面維護管理系統中，期望對桃園縣境內道路品質有所提升，所有用路人皆可有更快速、更舒適的行車環境。 Roughness is a vestige lengthways the section rises and falls of fluctuation quantity of the road surface, which influence the quality of the road to drive very much. The road of the roughness faces to drive the comfort quickly can raise the road service quality. Therefore, people who use the road will not feel well if there is high and low to rise and fall the serious road to make the vehicle produced the continuous vibration. Furthermore, because of need to insure the transportation security and reduce the drive speed, it not only makes the service level and efficiency of the road reduced consumedly, but also cause the vehicle excessiveness of vibrate, the fuel consumes and reduce the vehicle service life consumedly which because the road faces not roughness. In part of apparatus to examine, the 3m straight and Hi-Lo Detector are not only waste a lot of time but also strenuous effort. It’s also not suitable in network level by using standard deviation of roughness. Although introduce an examination instrument in recent years, still belong to very few parts of units to own, and purchased the cost high in the early years. Therefore, compare to the promotion at the home advanced of the instrument examines and internationalizes the index sign the usage up is really difficult problem. So this study tries to develop the intelligent vehicle for pavement survey by oneself. It can improve the problem which existed in the apparatus of survey roughness. Even carry on a series of identification procedures to this system, among them include identifications such as identification and the international roughness index sign stability etc. of various instruments of this system. The above procedure all consults the foreign related standard to take into the identification. By the above identification procedure, in addition to canning increase the credibility of this examination system, also can improve the not easily seen problem of an examination instrument results. All intelligent vehicles for pavement survey by oneself are not passing the accredited of Chinese National Laboratory Accreditation (CNLA). Although there is keep doing the related identification procedure, it still in the research development stage. So this research hopes to first step draws up the CNLA certification procedure relevant document and operates the manual...etc. to identify the procedure by many items, matching the foreign related standard. Looking forward to make the intelligent vehicle for pavement survey which developed by oneself can pass the certification permission. This research with originally intelligent spread to face to examine the car to collect Taoyuan County inshore ll country a data, after taking in to statisticsed the analysis, and inquire into the not flat reason of causing the road.And combine the Videologging system of the Institute of Transportation development. Take into the collections in the lieutenant general all image datas with basic roads of the examination process. With continues image perhaps by the photograph, can use the stranger or two usage situation in the side landses of the related position and road of the entire content, various facilities that protect the unit to the road's segment. Didn't need to the scene, can carry on the first step the inspection the road to follow the line condition. This research collects the protect data of country way of three years in Taoyuan County. And The covariance protects the area size、Protecting the summary calculates the budget、protect the way and protect to maintain cost etc. Combining an examination data carries on the country way to protect the threshold value, The result is 6.65 m/km. Apply above all data in spread to face in the pavement management system. Expect to have to promote to inshore road quality in Taoyuan County, all use the stranger and all can have to go the car environment sooner and soon and more comfortablely. |
