| 摘要: | 過去的建築開發常採用不透水設計，使得大地喪失良好滲透吸水、涵養保水之能力，因此剝奪了土壤內微生物之生存條件，降低了大地滋養植物的能力。此外，過去都市防洪的觀念，是希望將雨水盡速排除，正因如此，造成都市公共排水設施莫大的負擔，每逢颱風、豪雨，都市近郊低窪地區必定因匯集各地雨水一時無法完全排出而造成淹水現象發生。 在綠建築九大指標中有鑑於上述之問題，基地保水指標即為其中一專門評估基地保水效益之指標，希望藉由其基地保水之效用減少上述問題之產生。因此，本研究針對建築基地保水量中之透水性鋪面保水量，利用軟體PCSWMM配合不同之降雨量、雨型、孔隙率、坡度及保水層厚度進行各不同保水量之研究與分析，最後再與本研究團隊前述所收集之現地保水績效資料庫進行驗證，並針對其結果進行修改，以更接近現地之實際狀況，以供未來工程師以及相關單位應用。 經由PCSWMM程式模擬分析研究成果可發現在各影響保水量因子之敏感度分析上，底層之孔隙率最具有影響，而透水鋪面之洩水坡度無明顯影響。於原建築基地保水指標之透水性鋪面保水量公式應參考鋪面形式分為有側向排水Q=k×A×t+Vs×n與無側向排水Q=Vs×n分別計算，其中孔隙率應配合統一土壤分類法之乾密度轉換之孔隙率計算之。 In the past, water impermeable pavement was often used for construction development projects, which reduced water absorption, and permeation capability.Therefore, it not only expropriated the requirement for survival of microorganisms in the soil, but reduced the capability of land to nourish vegetation.In addition, when typhoon comes with heavy rains, the idea of flood control was tended to drain rainwater away as soon as possible we used in the past. Therefore, it caused the great burden of the water drainage and the flood also couldn’t completely drain away right away in low-lying areas.rained too heavy adn consequently was flooded everywhere. Because above-mentioned problems in green building nine indexes, it is one among them that the base rainfall storage index to assess it, formulation hoping to reduce above-mentioned problems. Using software PCSWMM cooperate with different rainfall, intensity, slope, and depth of base on rainfall storage of research and analysis. With verify now afterwards, and revise to its result, in order to be closer to the real state now, for the engineer and relevant unit's application in the future. By way of study on PCSWMM program of performance simulations and analysis research, the porosity of base has influenced on rainfall storage most. However, it not obvious influence on permeable pavement of slope. In primitive building, permeable pavement of the rainfall storage should refers to the patterns of pavement, which is classified as parts of base drainage Q=k×A×t+Vs×n and non of base drainage Q=Vs×n to calculate. And the porosity should cooperate with particle-size distribution of soil and uses dry density transformed to calculate it. |
