高雄港為台灣最重要的國際港，具有先天優越地理位置與氣候條件，航線密集且廣，在1999年更處理近699萬TUE，僅次於香港、新加坡，列為全球第三大貨櫃港。但近年來由於產業結構改變，致使傳統產業不斷外移，使得進出口貨櫃量成長趨於緩慢，同時亞太地區新興港埠迅速興起，為了爭取轉口貨源，港埠競爭更加激烈。高雄港貨櫃裝卸量在2003年已被釜山港、上海港及深圳港相繼超越，落居全球貨櫃港第六名。為有效改善高雄港貨櫃運輸作業環境，亟需特別深入探索高雄港轉口營運績效衰退因素及目前發展困境，進而研提策略提升我國之國際運輸服務水準。本研究首先研擬港埠轉運競爭力之評估準則，並據以建立「亞太主要港埠轉運競爭力評估指標」之層級分析架構圖。然後利用SWOT分析法，對港埠經營所處的內、外部環境進行檢視，並提出競爭策略。又基於港埠轉運競爭優勢評估構面之特性具相依與回饋的關係，利用分析網路程序法（ANP）在多條件且相互依賴的特性下以決定港埠轉運競爭優勢核心指標的相對權重。最後透過專家問卷的方式，綜合專家意見分析比較進行各評估指標優先順序之評選，找出高雄港最佳之營運目標與競爭策略方案，協助高雄港提升營運績效以及國際港埠競爭力。 Kaohsiung Harbor is the most important international port in Taiwan. It had natural advantage of geographical conditions and climatic conditions. It conducted excess 6,990,000 TUE in 1999. Kaohsiung Harbor was the third largest container transport in the world, only inferior to Hong Kong, Singapore. Because of the rapid economic development in China has led to increasing freight transport, as well as fierce competition among the harbors in the region, such as Hong Kong, Busan, Kaohsiung Harbor, and new harbors in Shenzhen and Shanghai. The transports not only support the rapid development of harbors in the region but also result in intense port competition. Due to export container throughputs had being substitute for transferred container throughputs to become the main benefits of Kaohsiung Harbor recently. Kaohsiung Harbor faced internal and external competitive stress because global planning and management affairs were getting in vogue and neighboring countries invested in harbor facilities competitively. By far recently years, Kaohsiung Harbor was in very competitive circumstance and had to adopt seriously some tactic to promote its competition. In order to find out efficiency of container freight operation to Kaohsiung Harbor and point for attention and improvement in driving this strategy, following status are found out by this research with collection and discussion on reference sub-data and SWOT Analysis of Kaohsiung Harbor’s competition plus statistical analysis of survey. Finally utilize the Analytic Network Process to select the important criteria under each aspect and estimate the weight of each aspect and criterion, and find the best transport business goal and the competition statistical plans of Kaohsiung Harbor.
