石門水庫永續指標之建立與研究; D-S-R (Driving force-State-Response) framework that developed by the United Nations（UN）to establish the system of the Shihmen Reservoir and rivers in the catchment area

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题名:	石門水庫永續指標之建立與研究;D-S-R (Driving force-State-Response) framework that developed by the United Nations（UN）to establish the system of the Shihmen Reservoir and rivers in the catchment area
作者:	吳東雄;Tong-Hsiung Wu
贡献者:	土木工程學系碩士在職專班
关键词:	D-S-R架構（驅力-狀態-反應）;永續發展指標;永續發展;sustainable development indicator;sustainable development
日期:	2002-06-27
上传时间:	2009-09-21 09:28:08 (UTC+8)
出版者:	國立中央大學圖書館
摘要:	近年來，全球因聖嬰現象，氣候異常，造成水文不確定性增加，全球各國陸續提出「永續發展」之概念，其真諦為在不破壞生態系統之平衡下，透過科技與人文的手段來提昇生態體系之承載力，有效的利用環境資源，可以滿足當代人類之需求而又不影響下一代發展需求。台灣雖然雨量豐沛，但因降雨之時間及地點分配不均，因此經常洪災、旱災交替不斷。加以近年來環保意識高漲，優良壩址減少，大型水庫之興建大為不易，因此如何調度及節用水資源與保育現有之水庫，使其永續利用，成為當前重要課題。本研究參考聯合國永續發展指標體系D-S-R架構（驅力-狀態-反應），建立適合石門水庫永續性指標體系之D-S-R架構，並依據此架構篩選及建立永續指標評量方法，本研究依石門水庫長期之水質監測、水量運轉資料及歷次航測圖檔進行分析比對，篩選出流域水資源指標（水質、水量）、土地開發及生態等指標，評估其永續性，並可了解目前水庫各子集水區土地超限使用及崩塌地之分佈關係，以掌控制石門水庫開發現況，執行水庫集水區之土地利用、需水量調配及水質管理等事宜，作為水庫管理單位對於水庫之開發、保育、水質管理決策依據，期可達到水庫永續經營之目的。經綜合評量可以了解石門水庫之水資源環境部分，水量利用率尚佳。水質部分，有優養化現象，但是已漸漸改善。土地開發部分，水庫淤積部分尚需加強輸砂量之控制及清淤。水庫集水區開發行為應繼續管制，森林保育已見成效，生態保育尚在起步，應積極趕上。 Due to the El Nino effects over the past few years, the global weather and climate patterns have been altered drastically with a result of increasing uncertainties in hydrology. Consequently the concepts of “sustainable development” are brought up in different countries. The essences of the concepts are to utilize efficiently environmental resources without spoliation of the balance in ecological system. This can be achieved by enhancing the capabilities of the ecological system through technological and humane means. As a result, the needs for the people at present can be satisfied and the future needs for the next generations can be guaranteed as well. Although precipitation reaches high, Taiwan is occasionally suffering from flood and drought due to uneven temporal and spatial precipitation distribution. The problem is becoming worse with the followings: more popular awakening in environmental protection, less sites for quality reservoirs, and more difficulties in construction of large dams. It turns into an important issue at present that how to allocate and economize water resources and thus conserve the existing reservoirs for sustainable development. The research refers to the sustainable indicator framework named D-S-R (Driving force-State-Response) framework that developed by the United Nations（UN）to establish the system of the Shihmen Reservoir and rivers in the catchment area. The indexes of the framework follow the long-time water quality monitoring, reservoir operation, and four aerial surveys in the reservoir. Then the following indexes are screened: catchment water resources (for water quality and quantity), the soil environment of the forest, and the development degree and ecology. After the assessment for the sustainability, the current spatial utilization distribution over the reservoir can be understood . Furthermore, the Shihmen reservoir current situation, land use over the catchment area, allocation of water demand, and management of water quality can be grasped and controlled. The reservoir administration can rely on the research results for decision-making of reservoir development, water conservancy, and water quality management. Therefore, sustainable development of the reservoir can be reached. With integrated assessments in the Shihmen Reservoir, it can be shown: water utilization performs well; water quality has been improved in spite of eutrophication; sediment control and debris removal are to be reinforced; management should continue for the development over the catchment area; ecological conservancy needs more efforts although forest conservancy has marked effects.
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