國內營造廠最主要業務來源為參與工程投標。但備標需花費相當的人力與金錢。在微利及採購資訊發達的時代，如何在投標決策前評選適合的標案以進行備標作業，將深切影響營造廠經營與獲利。因此如能建立一套投標決策作業前之標案評選模式，將是營造廠獲取工程及利潤的重要致勝關鍵。 本研究針對上述問題，以最佳化理論發展出營造廠工程投標前標案評選模式。是在招標資訊中經初步選出之投標案作為評選標的，以營造廠本身之資源、業績目標、影響投標評選之風險及機率等為限制條件，並考量標案間之相關性；以求取「最大期望利潤下投標案之最佳組合」。 最佳化理論在企管及工程管理已有諸多應用，尤其對於複雜問題之評選，能有效率求得最佳解答。本研究以最佳化理論，建構出工程投標決策前，標案評選之線性規劃數學模式，並運用LINGO數學規劃軟體求得最佳解。再透過範例測試及敏感度分析，以印證本研究模式在運用之合適性。本模式在實際執行中，可依標案之改變或因參數變更，能快速調整參數進行評選。本模式經範例測試驗證後成效良好。 Participating in public bidding in engineering projects is the primary business source for many construction firms in Taiwan. However, preparation of the tender documents may take intensive manpower and cost considerable capital. In the age of low margin and transparent information of purchasing market, how to evaluate the feasible bid in order to accomplish the tender documents will deeply affect the management and profit of construction firms. Therefore, how to establish a systematic model to select the possible bid is the key element of winning project tenders and making profit for the construction firms. This research is based on the methodology of optimization to develop a systematic model to select the feasible bid. By taking the initially chosen project in market as the benchmark, the construction firm may review its resource and revenue target along with the bidding risk and odds as counter factors by examining the relevance among projects to come up with the optimum combination of a feasible tender with a maximized profit. Optimization analysis has been broadly employed to the management on the fields of business and construction, and it is especially efficient to determine the best solution of sophisticated issues. Optimization analysis was adopted by this research to a linear programming model to select the probable bid, and the “LINGO” was used to obtain the optimum solution. In addition, it was well proved through the demonstration tests and sensitivity analysis to study the feasibility of this model. Applying this model in implementation for the parameters study, either a tender had been modified or other parameters have been changed, the model could promptly adjust accordingly to evaluate the projects.
