摘要 世界文明是藉著人類的聰明才智得以不斷演進，而才智的累積即形成具體的「知識」，使得在科技、經濟、政治、社會、文化等領域均可透過行動實踐而開花結果。廣義的說，人類文明演進史事實上就是人類「知識管理」的歷史。「知識就是財富，知識就是力量」，隨著社會環境的變遷，資訊科技的精進，使得知識容易有效取得、累積、分享與交流。因此，在知識爆炸的時代中，無論是流程改造、市場開發、商機掌握、員工管理等之競爭機制中，有形的或無形的擷取自身所須「知識」而去營造「利基」。如何有效運用「知識」與「管理」，確實也就成了在競爭體系中建立具挑戰性之核心技術及能力為重要課題。 「知識管理」除了平常顯性且相當具象的資料庫管理（或稱為文件管理）外，由於「知識庫」的建立涉及較深層的知識者抽象的（或稱為隱性的）無法輕易描述的判斷與直覺，以及專家技術人力難以言諭傳承的經驗。因此在浩瀚的「知識管理」領域中相當困難的就是該如何有效理出頭緒，針對不同而有用的知識，尋求出合理而有效的管理模式。對於外顯的知識管理可以直接訴諸文字與良好的資訊科技，使該項「知識」清楚而充分的表露，同時還可以直接儲存、流通與分享，因此在管理上比較容易；至於內隱性知識，由於必須仰賴人際充分溝通才能加以保存，萃化、擴散與分享，因此「知識社群」的建立，在管理上就顯得更具有充分性與必要性。藉著知識社群內部的活動與溝通，才有可能將內隱的知識加以發掘、整理並予以具象化，同時也才能使得知識深層最有價值的「知識創新」不致僵化而得以充分發揮。 根據前面的引述，知識管理在本質上應該可以區分為「知識資訊化」及「知識價值化」兩個層次，前者較偏重於管理的工具、程序和作法，而後者則較偏向於思考與創新、行動、創造價值層面。前者仰賴數位科技的大量使用，後者則有賴組織文化的培育與催化。換句話說，推動知識管理在「文件管理」、「流程管理」及「組織文化改造」三個層面上，必須有平衡的發展才能得到有效的成果。 Abstract The world civilization is the affiliation humanity's intelligence and ability can theunceasing evolution，But the ability and wisdom accumulation namely forms "the knowledge" concretely，Causes in domain and so on science and technology，economy、politics、society，culture to be possible to penetrate the motion practice to blossom and bear fruit，In a broad sense，The human civilized evolution history is in fact thehumanity "the knowledge management" history，"The knowledge is the wealth，The knowledge is the strength "，Along with social environment vicissitude，Information science and technology striving，Causes the knowledge easy effectively to obtain，the accumulation，the share and the exchange，Therefore,In in knowledge explosion time，Regardless of is the flow transformation、the market development、the opportunity grasps、the staff management of competitive system in the and so on，Visible or invisible picks up own must "the knowledge" but build "the favorable base"，How effectively utilizes "the knowledge" and "the management"，Truly also became has established in the competition system has the challenge core of technology and the ability is the important topic。 "The knowledge management" (or is called document management) besides ordinary dominant also the suitable embodiment information bank management，Because "knowledge library" the judgement and the intuition which the establishment involves compares the knowledge which in-depth is abstract (or is called recessively) is unableeasily to describe，As well as expert/The technical manpower says the edict inheritance with difficulty the experience，How therefore in the domain quite is difficult in vast "the knowledge management" is should the effective principle leave the clue，In view of different and useful knowledge，Seeks reasonable and the effective managementpattern，May directly resort to regarding the apparent knowledge management the writing and the good information science and technology，Causes this item "the knowledge" clear and full revealing，Simultaneously also may directly store up、the circulation and the share，Therefore quite is easy in the management，As for in recessive knowledge，Because must admire the interpersonal full communication to be able to perform to preserve、Gathering、proliferation and share，Therefore "knowledge society group" establishment，Appears in the management has the sufficiency and the necessity，Affiliation knowledge society group interior activity and communication，Only thenwill have the knowledge which the possibility in will hide to perform to excavate、toreorganize and gives theembodiment，Simultaneously also can cause the knowledge in-depth to be most valuable "the knowledge innovation" not to send the ossification but to be able fully to display。 According to front quoting，The knowledge management in essentially should be allowedto differentiate is "the knowledge information" and "the knowledge value" two levels，Former comparatively stresses to the management tool, the procedure and the method，After that then comparatively is partial to the ponder and the innovation, the motion、the creation value stratification plane，Former admires several technical the massive uses，Latter depends on the organization culture the cultivation and the catalysis，In other words，Impetus knowledge management in "document management"、"flowmanagement" and "organization culture transformation" in three stratification planes，Must have the balance the development to be able to obtain the effective achievement。
