| 摘要: | 摘要 颱風防汛工作常需要大量的人力與物資支援以完成任務，惟實務上主管機關之人力及預算常受有相當的限制，因此如何能將有限的員工適才地指派至適當之防汛任務編組工作，實為目前防汛作業之一重要的課題。然而，目前實務界決策者對颱風防汛任務工作的指派方式，大多採主觀經驗或直覺判斷，並根據當前颱風防汛工作的需求及現有的人力資源進行工作指派，並非以科學的方法作一系統性的分析與評估，故無法有效率的利用人力資源，甚而常導致決策失當的情況發生。 本研究利用0-1整數規劃技巧發展出一最佳化模式，並結合LINGO 8.0套裝軟體求解模式，可協助決策者在任務編組的人力需求及員工的屬性等限制下，以最少總加班費支出為目標，進行最佳的人力工作指派。另外，經由參數敏感度分析，決策者可在短時間內瞭解外在環境及限制條件變化時，人力指派結果所受的影響。最後本研究以經濟部水利署第十河川局一次颱風事件之人力指派為例，進行範例測試與分析，並比較本研究模式與人工經驗指派方式之求解績效，結果良好，顯示本研究模式可為實務界參考。 關鍵字：防汛、人力指派、最佳化模式、整數規劃 Abstract Typhoon flood prevention work often requires a great deal of manpower and material support to complete the task, but the manpower and budget of competent authorities are often subject to considerable restrictions in practice.So, how can the limited staff be assigned to the appropriate task of flood control work grouping, is a important issue of the flood prevention. However, the decision makers of the typhoon flood prevention tasks assigned to work in practice, mostly adopted by means of subjective experience or intuitive judgement, and in accordance with the current needs of the typhoon and flood prevention work of the existing human resources assigned to work. It makes a systematic analysis and evaluation without scientific method, so the human resources can not be used efficientiy. Moreover, policy makers might make a strategic decision improperly. This research use 0-1 integer programming skill in developing an optimization model, and combine with LINGO 8.0 package software for solving such kind problem. It can assists decision-makers in the restrictions such as marshalling the manpower requirements and staff attribution, at least total overtime-pay expenditures as the goal, to the best of manpower assignment. Besides, through the sensitivity analysis of changing parameters, decision-makers could understand the result under the influence of manpower assignment in a short period of time when the external environment and constraints changes. Finally, this research take one typhoon's task about manpower assignment from the 10th River Management Bureau, Water Resource Agency, Ministry of Economic Affairs as a test, compare the effectiveness of manpower assignment by applying the model with pragmatic experience, the results shows good. Obviously, this model could be available for practical reference. Key word: Flood control, Manpower assignment, ptimization model,Integer programming. |
