組織工程用精密支架之製造; Fabrication of Precision Scaffold for Tissue Engineering

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题名:	組織工程用精密支架之製造;Fabrication of Precision Scaffold for Tissue Engineering
作者:	呂恒綜;Hang-Tsung Lu
贡献者:	機械工程研究所
关键词:	精密支架;快速成形;組織工程;Precision Scaffold;Rapid Prototyping;Tissue Engineering
日期:	2002-07-11
上传时间:	2009-09-21 11:40:19 (UTC+8)
出版者:	國立中央大學圖書館
摘要:	組織工程利用自身細胞增生組織，不但可以解決移植用器官缺乏的問題，亦可以防止免疫系統排斥的問題，達成完善重建受損組織的目的。而組織工程三要素中，支架為其最基本的一環，它提供了細胞生長的環境，也是植入物的主要結構。在傳統的支架製造方法中，外型的設定、孔洞的大小和分佈及有機溶劑的使用等因素，皆造成了支架製作使用上的不方便和低重現性。本研究發展了一套以熔融層積成形(FDM)方式製造精密支架的系統，可依預先規劃的支架外型及內部結構，精確製造出支架外型。此系統可從基本的幾何構型或病人之電腦斷層掃描影像，重建出所需的三維立體支架外型，再配合細胞種類和生長環境所需，設計支架內部的結構組合。支架模型依層與層的厚度需求，切成多個的二維切面，再將高分子生醫材料加熱並擠壓成線狀射出，並控制工作平台移動的位置與速度，使材料成形於規劃的位置上，如此一層一層的建構出每個切平面，即可精確的堆疊出複雜形狀的多孔性支架。本研究以製作軟骨及硬骨培育用支架為主，並探討影響支架製作品質的相關變因如溫度、壓力及平台速度等。利用本系統製造出的支架，不但重現性高、孔洞大小及連通性皆可自由控制。經過細胞植附、機械性質等實驗，可知本系統製成的支架符合組織工程對支架的要求。 Tissue engineering utilizes cellular proliferation for tissue growth, which will not only provide unlimited tissue source but also can prevent immune rejections that often occur during organ transplantations and tissue repair. Scaffold, which supplies cells a foundation for growth, is one of the important elements in tissue engineering. Conventional methods for producing scaffolds have some difficulties and disadvantages such as shape design, pore distribution control, and usage of organic solvents. In this study, a rapid prototyping system and its method for fabricating precise scaffolds are introduced. The scaffold can be fabricated precisely according to predesigned external shape and interior structure. The 3D shape of the scaffold can be designed from basic geometric models or reconstructed from computer tomography (CT) images. The internal architecture of the scaffold is designed according to the cell type and required growth environment. The 3D scaffold model is resliced into 2D cross sections with desired layer thickness. Then, biocompatible polymers are fused and deposited to form the structure of the cross sections layer by layer. Eventually, the porous scaffold will be produced. Here, we focus on the fabrication of the scaffolds for cartilage and bone regeneration. The factors, that affect scaffold quality such as temperature, pressure, and platform velocity, are discussed. The scaffold produced by this system is highly reproducible and its pore size and connectivity are controllable. Also, the results of cell seeding and mechanical testing indicate that the produced scaffolds satisfy the requirements of tissue engineering.
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