公差是對產品精確度的定量描述，從產品的設計到製造與檢驗都必須加以考量，並維持其一貫性。在產品大量且多樣化的需求下，互換性是重要的原則，而公差就是其考慮的重點，尤其在零件裝配時，公差就是影響其裝配程度的最大因素。一般的公差設計是採最壞狀況法，在本次的研究中則是以蒙地卡羅模擬法，針對四孔組裝及雙槽組裝兩種情況，分析位置度公差、尺寸公差及形狀公差對組裝的影響，並透過迴歸分析找出組裝限制式，同時考慮成本模式進行最佳化配置設計，以達到兼具組合性和最低成本的要求，提供設計者在公差設計時的一個參考。此外，將尺寸與幾何公差的資訊，整合在電腦輔助設計的環境中，對零件的三次元量測資料進行公差評估後，藉由得到的公差資訊進行組裝評估。 Tolerance is a quantitative description of the precision in production, it has to be considered when products are designed, manufactured and inspected. The exchangeability is an important principle in mass production, and tolerance is the key point. The general method of tolerance design is worst on worst (WOW) tolerance analysis. In this thesis, Monte Carlo simulation is used to analysis the influence of position, size and form tolerance in two assembly conditions. Finding the limit of assembly by linear regression, and optimize the design considering cost at one time. Providing a better method of tolerance design satisfied assemblability and minimization of cost. In additional, develop a function of assembly evaluation in CAD system.
