在現有消能、減震的控制元件中，液壓阻尼器能有效地增加結構物的阻尼比，提升結構的制震能力，在經濟與效能的考量下，被動式油壓阻尼器可說是最有效的消能器之一。當地震發生時，地震所帶來的位移輸入消能的系統，而經由消能系統將位移轉換成速度，再藉由阻尼器內部活塞與流體之關係，產生反向之阻尼力，來削減因地震所帶來過大之位移，避免結構物之損壞而造成生命財產損失。本文藉由非傳統方式，即不以改變溢流孔之孔徑大小與孔數量多寡之傳統方式來做為實驗之變數，以機械機構設計的方式，利用機械加工將活塞面上之溢流孔導引至套筒與活塞間之間隙來提昇系統的消能效果。亦利用實際之致動器試驗與前人做過的實際案例比較，拓展利用機械設計的能力來加強耐震技術之提升，發展出適合於結構物耐震設計之裝置系統。 研究內容包括 （1）利用非傳統機械加工之方法改變溢流孔之流向，藉由黏滯性流體在通過活塞時，改變流體流向，使流體在活塞內部形成擾流，延長流體在活塞內部的流動之距離,達到增強消能的能力。 （2）透過實際裝置平台上之振動測試，求得相關之數據，藉此結果分析阻尼器之特性，做為將來設計特定阻尼器或發展更容易達到提升消能效果之依據。同時也提供將來此一類之研究做為參考。 研究結果 （1）由於初始設計之阻尼器所產生之阻尼力過大，導致增效裝置平 台於致動器運動時會有兩軸向之變形，解決方式以加強結構桁架之剛性；阻尼器部分則增加流體流通面積，降低阻尼力，以策安全。 （2）阻尼器在試驗數小時後，溫度達到80度左右，流體黏度降低，有少許漏油之現象。於修改活塞時一併變更密封系統之設計。 （3）由前後兩組增效式液流阻尼器所得之試驗結果可得知阻尼器1屬於速度項指數n>1之過阻尼系統；而阻尼器2則是為速度項指數n<1之低阻尼系統。 （4）由於兩阻阻尼器之孔隙比差異大，除此之外，兩套系統的連接結構亦不相同，所引發的勁度大小也不同。無法由實驗結果得知兩組不同阻尼力之阻尼器之間來判斷溢流孔從活塞表面上引導至 套筒與活塞間可以有效提升消能之效果。 The fluid damper can increase efficiently the damping rate and the capability of anti-vibration of structure for the currently equipments of energy consumption and seismic reduction. The passive fluid damper can be the one of the energy consumption base on the considerations of economy and efficiency. The displacement was inputted the energy dissipation system when earthquake. And the displacement was transferred into velocity by the energy dissipation system. The velocity will cause a reserve damping force by the piston and fluid that will decrease the over motion of buildings to save life and property. The objective of this study use the non-traditional method that doesn't vary the hole size and the quantity of orifices on the piston. Use mechanical design, the orifices on the piston were drilled through to the gap that between tube and piston by EDM to increase the aseismic capability and experimented with an actuator to compare the result with that of the other same cases in the past. By mechanical design the vibration suppression can be raised and an equipment that suit the buildings of aseismic capability can be developed. Topics of study are as follows : 1. To design a fluid damper, changed the flow direction of orifices and extend the distance that flowing viscous fluid in the piston to consume the energy. 2. To procure the test data after shaking test on the equipment platform and investigate the characteristic of the dampers base on the test result. That will be referred to design a specific damper or to develop the efficient equipment of energy consumption.. The result of the present study are as follows: 1. Because the damping force was too large to deform the test structure from the preliminary fluid damper. The test structure must be stiffened in two axes and enlarge the orifice’s diameter to reduce the damping force for safety. 2. The temperature of damper reached around 80℃ and the fluid viscosity was decreased. The fluid leaked slightly from the TEFLON seal. Enlarge the orifices’diameter on the piston and modified the seal method at the same time. 3. From the result of experiment, the preliminary damper is of an over damping system and the modified damper is of an under damping system. 4. We can not procure any correlation from the two tested dampers, because the diameter variation of the orifices are a wide gap. The rate of pass through area of orifices and gaps are 7.5% and 0.7% respectively in this study.
