大專院校校園環安衛改善計劃之成效分析; Performance analysis of environmental, safety, and health improving plan in campus

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题名:	大專院校校園環安衛改善計劃之成效分析;Performance analysis of environmental, safety, and health improving plan in campus
作者:	劉亭君;Ting-Chung Liu
贡献者:	環境工程研究所碩士在職專班
关键词:	大專院校;經費補助;化學災害;chemical calamity;subsidizing;college
日期:	2005-07-09
上传时间:	2009-09-21 12:13:44 (UTC+8)
出版者:	國立中央大學圖書館
摘要:	隨著國內大專院校數量和規模日益的成長，校園的環境安全衛生管理更顯其不可取代的重要性。近年來，教育部每年積極提供各校相當金額的補助款，補助各校從事校園環境安全衛生工作的相關改善，然而，對於各校致力於校園環境安全衛生的推動過程中，是否能有效減少意外事故的發生，令人值得關注。因此，本論文針對教育部補助92年度全國46所大專院校執行實驗室相關硬體改善項目，及配合校園災害通報資料進行統計分析，以瞭解其補助成效，並提供未來相關計畫執行上的參考。由調查資料顯示，92年度教育部在大專院校的「補助款補助情形」，以國立大學(42%)得到最多，其次是私立大學(28%)和私立學院(24%)，最後是國立學院(6%)。同時，本論文透過卡方檢定來了解學校類別和學校層級在不同改善項目的使用，結果顯示兩者皆具有統計學上的顯著差異(P<0.001)，即表示不同屬性的學校其經費運用上確實有不同的考量。大專院校在化學災害發生原因中，以機械或儀器走火及化學品操作不當為主要原因，因此應加強機儀設備的規範和定期的維修保養，並落實人員的教育訓練和化學品管理。此外，本論文運用相關分析來探討補助前、後，補助款所造成的成效差異，研究顯示補助前（92.5.31）化學災害事故數越高的學校，其92年度在補助款、化學性物質管理、消防/防護應變管理及電氣安全管理等改善項目皆呈正相關，顯示學校於此部分已有普遍的認知並酌參以往的事故經驗，研擬各項防護措施以杜絕相關事故再次發生。部份總補助經費較高學校，因以往未發生化學災害事故，故未投入較多經費於化學災害防治與管理，導致其化學改善費用比例較少，因而使得92年度核定補助金額越多的學校，於補助後(92.6.1)發生化學災害的機率增加，可見學校於此部份應加強重視與管理；另一方面從92年度投入化學改善費用較高的學校對其降低化學事故數有所助益，亦可確認相關計畫的執行成果。實驗室安全衛生工作需要投入長期的人力與物力方能有顯著的成效，本研究以短期的補助款作為學校環安工作資源投入與成效之分析其結論可能有所侷限，但仍希望透過本論文之結果可以加速政府及相關產、官、學、研的專家學者，共同制定一套完整的校園環境安全衛生改善計劃，以落實大專院校環境安全衛生改善措施。 With the quantity and scale of colleges gradually growth, the management of environmental, safety, and health (ES&H) in campus has become important issue. In order to improve the efforts on implementing ES&H, in recent years, Ministry of Education actively offers the subsidy budget to each school year by year. However, every school was devoted to enforce the ES&H, whether can reduce the emergency effectively which we concern. This study hence analyzes the improvement in relate to hardware of laboratory and the data of emergency’s notifying in colleges, which was selected from 46 colleges that Ministry of Education subsidizes in 92FY. Results of this survey, the situation of subsidization was in colleges by Ministry of Education, get most with the national university (42%), secondly it is the private university (28%) and private college (24%), the end is a national college (6%). Simultaneously, this study utilizes chi-square test to explore the improvement project of different category and level of schools, the results show that have an outstanding discrepancy in the two variables of the school. The reason for chemical accident was priority it is the sparking of machine or equipment, so enhance the operation norm of machine and equipment, fixed maintenance, education training, and chemical management. Besides, this study also investigates the difference between having subsidization before and after; the results appear positive correlation between subsidizing in 92FY, chemical substance management, fire fighting/, electric safety management and these schools which have high ratio of chemical calamity accident before subsidizing (05/31/2003). This shows that schools have general cognition, and refer to past accident experience to set safeguard procedures in order to prevent the relevant accident. Parts of the school have high ratio subsidy which invested less subsidy in prevention and management of chemical calamity because the accident never happened in the past as chemical calamity. This brings about reduction of improve fees in chemical management. Therefore, the schools increased the accident rate after subsidizing (06/01/2003) which got more subsidies in 92FY so schools should enhance the management. In addition, the schools invest high ratio budget in improving chemistry since 92FY which can reduce quantify of accident, and also confirm execution efforts of the relevant plan. The work of ES&H in laboratory need to invest manpower and material long term there can be apparent effects. This study analyzes the invested material and effect of ES&H in term of subsidizing, results may be limited. But result of this study still can hopefully request the industry, government, scholar and researcher to establish a perfect improve plan of ES&H in campus in order to fulfill it.
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