| 摘要: | 近數十年來，我國在工商業迅速發展之下，造就了經濟成長的奇蹟，也提供人民更高的物質享受，但其背後卻隱藏著對破壞生態環境的汙染問題。在大量生產、製造及消費過程之中，工廠生產過程所衍生的污染物逐漸增加，不僅影響生活環境的品質，更對人體的健康產生危害。以汽車產業而言，其代表工業的火車頭產業，對經濟有其一定程度的影響。但在汽車生產過程之中，塗裝製程所產生的揮發性有機物 (Volatile Organic Compounds, VOCs)，為整個生產流程最主要的環境衝擊之ㄧ，不僅對員工身體產生危害，更會影響周遭居民的生活品質，引起民眾的抗爭。有鑒於此，目前我國政府著手針對半導體業、汽車業、PU合成皮業、石化業與乾洗產業訂定不同管制標準，以作為未來空氣污染防制管制之依據。 因此，本研究先透過文獻回顧，廣泛蒐集與彙整VOCs減量技術相關資料。在研究內容上可區分為三部分，其一：先探討環保法令對汽車產業VOCs的排放管制，並蒐集我國車廠於VOCs之檢測及質能平衡數據，以了解國內汽車產業所遭遇之壓力與衝擊；其二：以某車廠作為應用實例，透過ISC空氣污染物擴散模擬模式，分析該廠區周遭各種污染物及臭味之分佈情形，以建立VOCs與臭味減量模式之參考依據；最後本研究將導入清潔生產概念，從原物料、製程改善及污染防治設備等觀點探究VOCs減量之最適可行技術與執行策略。其結果不僅可協助政府於研擬相關管制的建議內容，更可作為國內汽車產業於VOCs減量之參考資料，以邁向企業永續生存之歷程。 In recent decades, Taiwan has tremendous growth on economy due to rapidly developed industrial and commercial business. It creates higher standards of living for the human beings but at the same time, pollution problems to ecological environment have become more and more serious. The pollutants generated from mass production, manufacturing, and consumption increase gradually. This does not only influence the quality of life but is also harmful to human health. In automobile industry, one of the main pollutants comes from paint process, which is called Volatile Organic Compounds （VOCs）. Hence, Taiwan government has established the control regulations of VOCs for various industries including automobile industry, semiconductor industry, petrochemical industry, as the base of control management of air pollution in the future. This research collects and studies relevant information of VOCs decrement technology and is categorized into three parts: First, to explore environmental regulations of VOCs in automobile industry, and to study the data of test and mass balance to understand the impact to Taiwanese automobile industry; Second, using an automobile industry as a model, to analyze the distribution pattern of various kinds of pollutants and odor around its neighborhood and establish decrement model of VOCs and odor by ISC（Industrial Source Complex Model）; Third, to find the optimum strategy to reduce VOCs from the point of selection of paint materials, process improvement, and pollution prevention equipment and to adopt Cleaner Production（CP）concept. The result of this study not only can assist government to establish a better control strategy in VOCs, but also can help automobile industry reduce VOCs to move toward to sustainable development. |
