| 摘要: | 摘要 居住環境中低頻噪音問題一直困擾著國人及環保單位，本研究以實測居住環境中主要低頻噪音源冷卻水塔、窗型冷氣機、分離式冷氣機、排風機、電冰箱、電風扇等六種噪音源，藉由實測噪音數據及頻譜分析，探討電源頻率對低頻噪音之影響，並蒐集環保單位95年度北區九縣市接受民眾陳案件之量測數據加以分析，以了解環保單位執行低頻噪音之管制成效，從低頻噪音之頻譜與建立低頻噪音管制值之國家做比較，以凸顯我國低頻噪音管制標準是否合宜。 本研究發現噪音源頻率與電源頻率具有關連性，尤其在低頻部份尤為顯著，從量測之噪音源頻譜可以發現，大部分的噪音源於低頻範圍其頻率主音量，循電源頻率倍數分布，主音量大多集中在31.5Hz、63Hz及125Hz三個頻率，但若噪音源本身受碰撞及震動干擾，則較不易顯現電源頻率的影響，將本次量測之噪音值，依各國不同之噪音容許值進行比較分析，以瑞典及丹麥所訂之容許值最嚴，其次依序為德國、日本、台灣、波蘭，又從統計北區九縣市環保單位辦理民眾低頻噪音陳情案件發現，高達54％的低頻噪音陳情案件無法以噪音器量測，而被以一般噪音量測的案件亦佔39％，其原因是我國噪音管制法規定，低頻噪音之量測採室內量測，而國人陳情污染案件時大部分不願意暴露身分，致使環保稽查人員因無法進入陳情人住家量測而改採一般噪音量，然而以低頻噪音量測辦理之案件也僅有7％顯有偏低的情形，最後綜合噪音源頻譜特性及環保單位執行低頻噪音案件成效，提出五點低頻噪音管制策略，希望能供環保單位做為爾後低頻噪音管制參考。 關鍵字：低頻噪音、低頻噪音源、頻譜分析 Abstract Low frequency noise has been the subject of repeat complaints. This research measures the common sources of low frequency noise, including cooling towers, air conditioners, exhaust fans, refrigerators and electric fans. According to the data of noise measurement and the spectrum analysis, this study explores the impact of power frequency on low frequency noise. At the same time, the data of noise petitions from northern 9 counties in 2006 are collected and analyzed in order to understand the effectiveness of control measures of local authorities on low frequency noise. Finally, by the comparison with those countries which have build the spectrum and noise control values of low frequency noise, this research discusses the noise control standards of low frequency noise in Taiwan. This research finds that there is relationship between the frequency of noise sources and power frequency, especially in low frequency noise. The data of noise source spectrum shows that most of noises come from low frequency. Main sound levels are located in 31.5Hz, 63Hz and 125Hz. However, if noise sources are interfered by collision and vibration, the impact of power frequency is less. The measure noise values of this research are analyzed and compared with international allowable noise values. Sweden and Demark are the most rigid ones. German, Japan, Taiwan and Poland are following in order of allowable values. Among the cases of noise petitions from 9 northern local authorities, 54% of low frequency noise petitions are not able to be measured by noise facilities, and 39% of all cases are measured by general noises. The reason is due to the noise control regulation that prescribes the measurement of low frequency noise uses indoor measurement. However, the official inspectors are difficult in entering petitioners’ places because most petitioners fear exposure of their identities. The cases of low frequency noise only occupy 7% which is obvious lower than real ones. Finally, this research proposes five strategies about low frequency noise regulation to the authority to be a reference framework of low frequency noise control. Key word：low frequency noise, sources of low frequency noise, spectrum analysis |
