本研究先選用不同結構之非離子界面活性劑對水溶解度相近不同結構之兩組非離子有機化合物進行增溶實驗。另以易吸持非離子性有機化合物之高有機質土(紗帽山土)，探討水溶解度相近結構不同之非離子性有機化合物於水/土壤有機質間的分佈行為。最後以鈣蒙特石吸附不同結構之非離子性界面活性劑作為唯一土壤有機質來源，以釐清不同結構非離子性有機化合物於組成互異之土壤有機質間的分佈行為，研究結果的最終目的是希望能幫助了解分子間作用力對有機污染物在環境傳輸行為的影響。 實驗結果顯示(1) 當溶液中添加界面活性劑濃度高於其臨界微胞濃度( Critical Micelle Concentration, CMC )時，非離子有機污染物之溶解度有較明顯增加趨勢；但當界面活性劑濃度低於其臨界微胞濃度時，增溶效應則較不顯著。Triton X-100對兩組水溶解度相近之PAHs和直鏈型化合物均有增溶作用，但是直鏈型界面活性劑只對直鏈型化合物有明顯的增溶效應。(2) 非離子有機物( Nonionic organic compounds, NOCs )在紗帽山土-水系統中的吸附實驗，顯示PAHs的Koc值大於直鏈型NOCs，此結果應與土壤含高芳香族組成有關。(3) 鈣蒙特石以Triton X-100作為土壤有機質唯一來源時，PAHs的Koc值比直鏈型NOCs大而以直鏈型界面活性劑作為土壤有機質來源時，直鏈型NOCs之Koc值則較PAHs高。(4) 在紗帽山-界面活性劑-水系統中的吸附有一共同趨勢，添加直鏈型界面活性劑( Brij 35與POE(9) )以增加土壤有機組成時，直鏈型非離子有機化合物之Kd*/Kd值恆大於PAHs之Kd*/Kd值，且在界面活性劑濃度大於其臨界微胞濃度時，對直鏈型非離子有機化合物的增溶效果較PAHs顯著。反之添加Triton X-100時，PAHs之Kd*/Kd值未必出現此特殊現象。 The study is to elucidate the interaction between nonionic organic contaminants (NOC), including PAHs as well as aliphatic compounds, and selected surfactants with and without benzene rings in the soil/water system. The cohesive energy among PAHs, surfactants and soil organic matter( SOM ) can be applied to explain the different interactions of these compounds in soil/water system successfully. The solubility enhancement effect of NOCs from Triton X-100 solution at the below or above CMC concentrations were quite significant. However, solubility enhancement effect of PAHs by straight chain surfactants at the above CMC was relatively insignificant. Because of higher aromatic component, the partition coefficient of PAHs ( ie. Koc ) in soil/water system was greater than NOCs with aliphatic chains. In the case of soil sorption surfactant to consist of soil organic matter, the sorption of NOCs on various types of SOM was varied with different chemical compositions ( e.g. high aliphaticity or aromaticity ). For the sorption of Triton X-100 by Ca-M as a major source of SOM, the log Koc of PAHs is larger than that of straight chain NOCs. If straight chain surfactants as a major source of SOM, the log Koc of straight chain NOCs is greater than that of PAHs. Sorption of straight chain surfactants by SMS to increase SOM, the Kd*/Kd of the straight chain NOCs is greater than the PAHs. However, sorption of Triton X-100 by SMS to increase SOM, the Kd*/Kd of the PAHs is not always greater than that of straight chain NOCs.
