同時聚合下製備聚苯乙烯/矽膠高分子混成體; Synthesis of Polystyrene/Silica Gel Polymer Hybrids by in-situ Polymerization Method

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题名:	同時聚合下製備聚苯乙烯/矽膠高分子混成體;Synthesis of Polystyrene/Silica Gel Polymer Hybrids by in-situ Polymerization Method
作者:	陳姿秀;Tzu-Hsiu Chen
贡献者:	化學工程與材料工程研究所
关键词:	混成體;溶膠-凝膠反應;四乙氧基矽烷;聚苯乙烯;sol-gel reaction;tetraethoxysilane;polystyrene;hybrids
日期:	2000-06-14
上传时间:	2009-09-21 12:18:09 (UTC+8)
出版者:	國立中央大學圖書館
摘要:	均一透明之聚苯乙烯與矽膠的高分子混成體可藉由同時聚合法製備而得。有機-無機混成體之製備方法為將苯乙烯單體導入在含有起始劑偶氮異二丁月青（AIBN）與四乙氧基矽烷（TEOS）、有機溶劑之溶膠-凝膠反應液中，經混合後在60℃下反應，使得矽膠生成時也同時產生聚苯乙烯高分子。本研究分兩部份來探討整個混成反應，也就是在探討不精製苯乙烯單體之下製備有機-無機混成體以及精製苯乙烯單體之下製備有機-無機混成體。不精製苯乙烯單體之下製備有機-無機混成體的研究中，探討改變反應條件是否能製備出透明之有機-無機混成體，例如酸的用量與濃度、水的添加量、起始劑的用量、無機相的添加量與溶劑的用量及種類等。結果顯示，在適量之乙醇或氰甲烷為溶劑下，添加少許水，就能得到透明之有機-無機混成體。當有機-無機混成體為一透明物時，觀察不到其玻璃轉移溫度，可以證明高分子鏈已經均勻分散在不定形之二氧化矽基材中。經由鍛燒後無機物中的孔徑大小（1.88nm）與表面積（325m2/g）、孔洞體積（152mm3/g），可判斷出聚苯乙烯是以奈米單位均勻分散在無機相的矽基材中。精製苯乙烯單體之下製備有機-無機混成體的研究，以改變反應物中之添加量為主，也就是改變水的添加量以及苯乙烯單體的添加量來製備有機-無機混成體。結果顯示溶膠-凝膠反應液中利用同時聚合法，改變含水量（[H2O] / [TEOS] = 4.35×10-2∼10）與苯乙烯含量（St / TEOS = 0.184∼0.554）都可製備出聚苯乙烯與矽膠的高分子混成體。經由FTIR、DSC、TGA與ASAP之測定可知所製備之物為有機-無機混成體且孔徑大小為奈米單位。當水量含量較多時，其結構較為緊密，耐熱溫度較高。另外增加四乙氧基矽烷含量也會使透明之有機-無機混成體的耐熱溫度增加。經由透明之有機-無機混成體與熱萃殘餘物之TGA數據可算出，在本系統中有機部份與無機部份的組成比為0.232至0.817。 Homogeneous polystyrene and silica gel polymer hybrids were prepared by in-situ radical polymerization in sol-gel reaction mixture. Styrene monomer was introduced into a sol-gel reaction mixture of tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) and the polymerization was initiated by 2,2'-azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) at 60℃, while sol-gel reaction of TEOS proceeded to form a silica gel. This study was divided into two parts depended on the preparation of hybrids by using styrene monomer with or without purification. In the part of the preparation of organic-inorganic hybrids by adding styrene monomer without purification, the main purpose were to confirm transparent hybrids could be prepared by this method or not and also to discuss the preparation conditions, the amount and concentration of acid, the amount of water, AIBN, TEOS and solvent. The results showed that the transparent hybrids were obtained even at adding small amount of water by using ethanol or CH3CN as solvent. The characterizations of the hybrids were determined by the results of GPC, DSC and TGA. The DSC curve of the transparent hybrids did not show any clear glass transition temperature. This lack of glass transition suggests that the polymer chains are uniformly distributed in the inorganic glass network. The porous silica obtained from the hybrids had high surface area and large pore volume and exhibited pore size 1.88 nm. These results indicate that polystyrene was dispersed at a nano-meter level in the silica gel matrix. In the part of the preparation of organic-inorganic hybrids by adding styrene monomer with purification, the main purpose was to investigate the effect of the concentration of reactants, water and styrene, on the hybrids. The results indicated that the transparent hybrids were obtained by adding various amounts of water（[H2O] / [TEOS] = 4.35×10-2∼10）and styrene（St / TEOS = 0.184∼0.554）by in-situ radical polymerization in sol-gel reaction mixture. The characterizations and pore size of the hybrids were determined by the results of FTIR, DSC, TGA and ASAP. The TGA curves of the transparent hybrids show the higher heat-resistant of hybrids can be obtained by increase the amount of water and TEOS. The ratio of organic to inorganic parts was about 0.232 to 0.817.
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