| 摘要: | 石油為二十世紀以來主要能源及化學工業原料，對於經濟發展及物質文明之促進有絕對的關連性，但隨著石油產量增加，煉油廠之蒸餾、裂解、重組及石化品製造等需大量用水煉製程序均且排放出大量廢水，有鑒於煉油廢水具有高懸浮固體與高油脂之特性，且傳統處理流程佔地面積較大，初設成本較高，因此找尋有效之處理設施及流程勢在必行。 電聚浮除法為電化學處理方法中較新穎的廢水處理技術之一，其原理係利用外加電場，使污染物之正負電性重新排列，產生偶極化現象，並利用特殊流場作用，使污染物質自凝成較大膠羽，以浮除方式去除。由於煉油廢水中含有較高之油脂性污染物，而電聚浮除技術對油脂去除有極高之效率，因此本研究係以250CMD處理量模組，處理某煉油廠廢水處理廠之調勻槽出流水，以實廠操作方式探討電聚浮除法對煉油廢水之COD、SS、油脂等水質指標的去除效率，並針對操作成本作完整評估。 本研究中廢水經處理後，證明在低濃度(COD平均801 mg/L)進水狀態下，其SS、COD、油脂之去除率分別可達55.7、57.3及61.9％，在成本方面用藥量平均每噸水0.64元、用電量平均每噸水1.2元、污泥處理平均每噸水8.8元。而在高濃度(COD平均33868 mg/L)進水狀況下，其SS、COD、油脂之去除率，則分別可達96.0、84.6及80.0％，處理效率相當高，在成本方面，用藥量平均每噸水0.31元、用電量平均每噸水1.0元、污泥處理平均每噸水26.2元。而綜觀整體處理結果，電聚浮除系統確實可有效處理煉油廢水，使煉油廢水出水達穩定化。 Petroleum has been the major energy resource and chemical raw material since the mid of 20th century and definitely related to the contemporary economical and civilization development. Meanwhile, increasing distillation, cracking and re-composition of refinery process has led large amount of wastewater generation in general, Refinery wastewater is high in SS and oil content. However, traditional wastewater treatment processes for refinery wastewater take large space and cost. Hence, finding a potential new approach for effectively treating refinery wastewater is very important. Electro-aggregation and floatation（EAF） method is one of the new established wastewater treatment processes. Applying of electricity field to induce a dipolarization effect among the pollutants in wastewater is available in the EAF process. A patented special flow channel arrangement makes the become depolarized pollutants self-aggregation and forms larger flocks which can be further removed by floatation separation. In this study a 250 CMD capacity module was setup to treat wastewater from the equalization tank of a refinery plant. The specific aim was to study the removal efficiency for SS, COD and oil by using a complete EAF plant. Total operational cost was also well evaluated. Results showed that SS, COD and oil removal efficiency was 55.7%, 57.3% and 61.9%, respectively under low content of waste influent(average COD 801 mg/L), however, 96.0%, 84.6% and 80.0%, respectively, under high content of waste influent(average COD 33868 mg/L). In operation costs were 0.64NT$ for chemical used, 1.2NT$ for electricity consumption and 8.8NT$ for sludge treatment when low content of waste influent was treated, and 0.31NT$, 1.0NT$ and 26.2NT$, respectively, were needed for treating high content of waste influent. As a result of high oil removal efficiency, it is suggested that EFA method was a proper approach for treating high oil content refinery wastewater. |
