摘要 苦楝油主要由印度楝提煉，研究上發現具有防治真菌性病害和蟲害的效果，同時因為是植物性殺蟲劑便於就地取材、加工、製造方法簡便及成本又低廉，所以在農業上被廣泛應用。 由於苦楝油影響防蟲效果甚劇，不過往往受到自然界的影響，需要每隔一段時間就噴灑一次，這樣不僅浪費而且麻煩，所以使苦楝油能緩慢的釋放就成為重點所在。 實驗中發現苦楝油能夠被PU的軟段所吸引，具有良好的溶解度。所以嘗試將苦楝油加入我們所合成的PU中，以溶劑使用量較少的水性PU方式合成，選用可分解的聚酯類軟段，再加上苦楝油本身會被自然界所分解，嘗試合成出一可做為農業上用途的環保材料。 本論文選定以不同種類的聚酯類軟段所合成的陰離子型水性PU，藉由添加苦楝油量的不同，針對粒徑大小、黏度變化、添加後對於PU的本性、機械性質的影響及PU中苦楝油因溫度或真空度的影響做一系列探討。 Abstract The Neem oil mainly by the refinement of Azadirachta indica, in the research discovered has the effect of preventing and controlling fungus disease and the insect pest. This vegetative pesticide is convenient for making in the place of production, by the simple process of the manufacturing method and the inexpensive cost. It is widely applied in the agriculture. The Neem oil often receives the influence of nature, therefore needs each period of time to spurt. It is the key point that Neem oil can slow release. In the experiment discovered Neem oil can attract by the PU soft segment, in which has the good solubility. Therefore we want to synthesize the polyurethane in which added the Neem oil, by the less solvent amount of water-boned polyurethane synthesis. Selecting diffrangible polyester as soft segment, the Neem oil itself decomposable by the nature, this green material may be useful for the application of the farm industry. This study uses three kind of polyester as PU soft segment to synthesize anion PU dispersion, in which difference amount Neem oil is. Studying the influence to the PU dispersion in the particle size change, the viscosity change, the mechanical property and temperature or vacuum, makes a series of discussions.
