飛航安全會受到天氣系統的影響，例如伴隨雷雨下暴風(thunderstorm downburst winds)的強烈風切(wind shear)為飛機失事的第二大肇因(僅次於人為操作錯誤)(Lyons, 1997)。如民國88年8月22日華航飛機香港失事事件，當時颱風環流影響產生的風切即可能為其重要因素之一。因此，隨時掌握天氣狀況是確保飛航安全的重要課題之一。 在本計畫中，我們以多年研究微波輻射量測大氣的經驗與成果為基礎，針對精進助航涉設施提出前瞻性的規劃建設評估計畫，開發地面微波輻射計即時觀測水氣、溫度及壓力剖面高程資訊的技術，未來做為氣象模式的初始化與約制用，來改進飛航管制區域內的氣象預報。 茲謹就要研究的課題，分述如後： 一、分析臺灣地區大氣輻射與水汽、液態水含量之關係；探討輻射量測萃取大氣參數的方法。 二、進行觀測實驗，蒐集與分析觀測資料(或者購買一個月的實驗觀測資料代替實驗)；改進觀測方法及粹取參數技術；個案分析；建立估計即時水氣、溫度及壓力高程資訊的技術。 Aviation safety may be influenced by the hazard weather systems such as wind shear associated with thunderstorm downburst winds. It is hence important to monitor the state of the weather at all times. In this project, our goal is to develop the technique to measure water vapor, temperature, and pressure profiles from ground-based microwave radiometer. The profiles can be further used as initials and constraints in the numerical weather prediction models for the improvements of weather forecasting. Two major steps are addressed as follow: 1. Analyze the relationship between microwave emission and water vapor, temperature, and pressure; Find the associated regression scheme. 2. Conduct a one-month field campaign (or purchase one-month measurements of multiple channel radiometer); Collect field data; Develop retrieval schemes; Conduct case studies; Establish real time observing schemes. 研究期間：9009 ~ 9104
