| 摘要: | 本篇研究範圍為元明清動物故事研究。由於動物故事的流傳分由「口傳」和「文本」二大系統，口傳部分目前已被寫為定本，主要參閱中國文聯出版社的《中國民間故事集成》、遠流出版社的《中國民間故事全集》、高聚成編《中國動物故事》的收集整理資料為主。文本部分，因元明清時期，有為數不少的寓言專集、專編面世，如劉基《郁離子》、宋濂《燕書》《龍門子凝道記》、江盈科《雪濤小說》、馮夢龍《笑府》、趙南星《笑贊》、吳沃堯《俏皮書》等，都是本文參考的重點資料。然而，元明清作品中雖有以專集形式呈現者，卻也不乏散雜在筆記雜著，難以窺盡全貌者，因此本文所舉例的故事文本，是以成集成編者為主，資料來源包括文學別集或筆記，俾使完整呈現元明清動物故事的獨特性，或能反映時代風貌和社會現實。本文第一章為緒論，說明研究動機和目的，確立「動物故事」的研究範圍和方法，並論及前人的研究成果。第二章論及動物故事的分類與動物寓言、童話、傳說之比較。第三章略述動物故事的流傳系統，分為口傳系統和載於典籍的資料。第四章概述元明清時代背景，主要動物寓言作家，並論及元明清動物故事的創作因緣。第五章探討元明清動物故事的表現藝術，分述民間和載於典籍的動物故事表現手法及結構主題。第六章討論元明清動物故事的文學和教育的價值。第七章為參考書目。 This paper covers the studies on narratives of animals in the Yuan, Ming and Ching dynasties. Animal narratives have been handed down through both oral instruction and the text. The oral instruction has been written into the text, which one may see “Chinese Folktales in volumes”, published by Chinese Wen-Lien Press and “Chinese Folktales Collection Works ", published by Yuan Liu Press, and “Chinese Animal Narratives ", edited and filed by Kao Chi-Cheng. In the preparation of this paper, there are great a great number of fables, parables and special edited works in the Yuan, Ming and Ching dynasties are used, such as Liu Chi’s book Yu-Li-Tzu, Sung Lien’s books on swallow and Lung-Men-Tzu stories, Chiang Yin-Ke’s Shueh-Tao novels, Peng Men-Lung’s Shiao-Fu, Chao Nan-Hsin’s Shiao-Chan, Wu Wuo-Yao’s witty book, and others. The above are sources and references for this paper. Textual works in the Yuan, Ming and Ching dynasties represent in the form of special collections, and yet they are kind of looseness and miscellanies. This makes readers difficult to grasp a complete picture. Consequently the paper illustrates the narratives based on integrated works of editors. The sources and references include literature collections or notes in hopes that the distinctive animal narratives can be presented in full. It may also reflect the style and features of times and the reality of a society. The first chapter of this paper starts with introduction, dealing with research motives and purposes, defining research scope and methods for “animal narratives” and touching on the findings of previous researchers. Chapter 2 deals with categories of animal narratives, and comparison of fables of animals, fairy tales and legends. Chapter 3 illustrates animals and stories handing down in an oral way or in writing. Chapter 4 describes history background of the Yuan, Ming and Ching dynasties, eminent animal fable writers and deals with cause of writing animal narratives in the Yuan, Ming and Ching dynasties. Chapter 5 explores the artistic representation of animal narratives in the Yuan, Ming and Ching dynasties, and separately describes the animal narratives written in the form of books or volumes in the general or scholastic circle, and structure and theme Chapter 6 discusses animal narratives in the Yuan, Ming and Ching dynasties in the aspect values of literature and education. Chapter 7 presents a bibliography |
