悲劇，作為一種戲劇類型，起源於歐洲文明的悠久傳統，它反映了現實生活中的悲劇性，從黑格爾揭示出悲劇的美學價值後，使得悲劇從戲劇類型上升至美學範疇。現實生活中的悲劇性是不可抗拒的，就如同佛家認為「苦」是具有逼迫性的一種生活本質，當人類對生活中的悲劇性產生認知，即形成了「悲劇意識」。 《天龍八部》是部悲劇意識濃厚的作品，其衝突之烈、結局之悲更是金庸著作中最具代表性的。書中人物眾多且形象鮮明，除了三位主線人物受盡苦痛折磨之外，其他支線人物也都是生活在這非人世界中的眾生，深受人性貪、嗔、癡之苦，他們在作者苦心經營的悲劇世界中或繼續沉淪，又或得到解脫。在書中眾多人物的生命歷程裡，他們反映出的是一齣齣的悲劇，到底造成悲劇的主因是什麼？作者在書中安排了諸多的悲劇衝突情節，通過對環境的無力、俠義的空泛、愛戀的迷茫等層面建立起悲劇的世界圖景，而書中的佛學思想不僅極為深厚，更是其悲劇世界圖景的主要基石，作者又該如何消解悲劇帶來的悲感？ 《天龍八部》呈現了作者用一種慈悲的精神來探索人性並深入剖析人類生存的悲劇性，使得武俠小說達到了一種更高的境界。本研究以《天龍八部》為分析的文本，對書中人物的生命歷程做一個完整的歸納與整理，並探討悲劇中的衝突與消解因素，嘗試建立書中悲劇意識的完整風貌。 As a drama type, tragedy originated from the long tradition of European civilization. It reflects the tragic reality of life. Since Hegel revealed the aesthetic values of tragedy, the tragedy has been upgraded from a drama type to aesthetic scope. The tragic reality of life is irresistible. Like Buddhism’s belief that “sufferings” is a life nature of forcefulness. When human beings cognize the tragic reality of life, a “tragic consciousness” will be thus formed. “The Semi-Gods and the Semi-Devils” is a work of strong sense of tragedy. It is a representative work by Jin Yong for its strong conflict and tragic ending. There are many characters who have sharp images in the book. In addition to three main-line characters who suffer pains, ordeals and tortures, the other sub-line characters are sentient beings who live in the non-human world and suffer the pain of greed, wrath and delusion. They are either continuing to degrade or obtain nirvana in the tragic world elaborated by the author. In the progress of life of numerous characters in the book, they reflect one by one tragedy. But what is the cause of tragedy? In the book, the author arranged the tragedy of conflict in many cases. Through the aspects of the unaffordable sense to environment, empty knight-errantry and puzzle of love. The author constructs a picture of tragic world. The book has a strong sense of Buddhism that is the cornerstone of the picture of tragic world. But how the author could dispel the sadness brought up by the tragedy? “The Semi-Gods and the Semi-Devils” shows that author uses a spirit of mercy to explore human nature and gives a in-depth analysis into the tragedy of human existence that makes the chivalry novel achieve a higher realm. The research used “The Semi-Gods and the Semi-Devils” as a text for analyses. It also gave a complete induction and re-organization of life progress of characters in the book and explored the conflicting and dispelling factors in the tragedy before tried to construct a complete picture of tragic consciousness.
