傳統的港灣規劃主要著重在港口機能的最佳化，包括港灣的遮蔽、船舶交通動線的順暢度以及相關服務設施所提供的數量和效率，以提供船舶碇靠所需的靜穩水域同時減少貨物裝卸所需等待的時間為首要考量。但隨著經濟發展生活水平的逐漸提高，近代港灣規劃所要求的不再以此為滿足。諸如環境景觀的設計以及親水設施的考慮等等逐漸受到大多數人的重視，尤其乾淨的港池水域似乎已成為評估一個國家經濟或文化水平的重要指標。 本研究主要就影響港池污染擴散效率的諸多因子包括港池形狀、潮差高低、潮流方向、甚至風驅流的影響亦加以研究，並以形狀類近的台灣兩大國際商港即台中、高雄港為例實際進行流場調查、模型試驗以瞭解死水區的分佈、延散係數的大小推估以剖析污染擴散的主要機制，希望透過比較分析將這些影響因子歸納出一些定性化的簡單規則以作為日後改善逐漸惡化的污染現況並做為國內現有老舊港灣將來再開發之參考。 In tradition way, harbor planning just emphasized on optimal harbor functions including sheltering, ships movement fluency, and relating facilities in number , efficiency to provide steady water for ships berthing and to reduce cargoes’ load & unload waiting time. The higher living standard upgraded, the more harbor planning considered. Consideration of waterfront environmental landscape and close-water facilities becomes essential to inhabitant, and water quality is a criterion to list in the developed countries. This study focuses on the pollutant diffusion factors such shapes, tide’s level, current direction, even wind driving current ,etc.. Kaoshiung and Taichung harbors due to similar shapes have been chosen to investigate on site and do model test trying to understand ‘deadwater’ distribution and coefficient’s value of prolonged diffusion. Those data help analyze pollutant diffusion’s major mechanism and find out qualitative simple rules as a reference to improve deteriorating pollution phenomena and reengineer the obsolete harbor.
