| 摘要: | 香港在資本經濟與地理樞紐的優勢下，躋身經濟貿易的海上明珠；香港高度商業化的社會結構使得文化也以市場為導向來發展，成為一種「文化工業」。而這樣的都市無疑影響了李碧華的創作，致使她的小說充滿著雅俗相融的特色，在愛情主題之外有著更豐富的內涵，緊扣香港特定的歷史政治與文化脈絡，觸及現代都市人深深埋藏在心底的某些情結。整體來說，本論文以「香港都市」為全文貫穿的主軸，研究重心有二：一為從李碧華眾多的小說歸納其豐沛創作意圖與文化意涵；二為透過她的小說，觀察香港特有的文化及歷史。 本論文第一章歸納前人研究成果並確立研究方法與章節架構，奠定研究基礎後，第二章探討香港文學氛圍對李碧華的影響，她看透了香港「文化工業」的基本需求，因此作品不脫商業市場的運作，以抓緊讀者的閱讀口味為首要目的。但她不欺場的創作態度，令作品精彩地呈現了深厚的小說創作功力與敏銳洞悉人性的內涵。第三章討論李碧華小說中的都市男女，她的小說以鮮活的文字呈現香港各個的都市空間，勾勒出男女情愛交織著寫實諷刺的人生百態，對於現代都市生活的缺陷，小說中呈現了「感情物品化」、「女性面對愛情的脆弱與堅強」、「色情商品化」、「偷窺的視角」的人性省思。都市生活焦慮感，李碧華以懷舊的方式舒緩現代的不安，為人心的荒涼與寂寞找尋出路。第四章說明李碧華的小說掀起香港一股懷舊熱潮，港人藉此建構被隱沒的歷史，填補心中的遺憾。另一方面，九七回歸帶來的壓力，也讓港人產生懷舊感而遁入舊時的歷史記憶中找尋未來自我的定位。第五章則分析李碧華對中國歷史政治的關注點，她身處於邊緣的香港小島，卻頻頻回顧位於中心的中國母鄉，從香港回歸前、過渡期、回歸後，不同時期對中國有不同的關注，也呈現港人變動的國族意識與身分認同。最後，第六章討論李碧華小說的故事新編特色，我們發現「凸顯女性的個性與情感表現」與「對特定政治人物的批判」是改編經典的特色，而「故事鑲嵌於歷史政治背景中」與「人物形象塑造更顯豐富」則是由短篇小說改編為長篇小說的特點。 李碧華為香港身世做了有情的註記。她未曾停止創作，仍持續放眼中國、俯視香港。對於中國牽引著香港未來的變化以及這顆「東方之珠」不同時期的光彩，她以文字將最深的關懷烙印在小說中。 Hong Kong has long been a major trade centre due to its thriving capitalism and advantageous geographic location. Its highly commercialised social structure resulted in a market-oriented cultural development, which in turn builds into a form of “cultural industry”. Undoubtedly, what the city has become deeply influences the writings of Lilian Lee, making her novels a juxtaposition of refined and popular tastes. Her novels tell much more than love affairs; her themes are intrinsically interwoven with specific historical, political, and cultural threads, and all of them strike a chord in the souls of urban dwellers. This paper uses “the city of Hong Kong” as its axis and focuses on two points: the rich creative intentions that can be induced from many of Lilian Lee’s novels, and the distinctive cultures and histories of Hong Kong as seen in her works. The first chapter lays the foundation of the research by summarising former findings and setting the methodology and structure of the paper. The second chapter discusses the influence of Hong Kong’s literature environment on Lilian Lee. She has full grasp of Hong Kong’s “cultural industry”, so her novels always follow the market rules by appealing to the readers’ tastes. However, her popular approach does not undermine the literary value of her writings. Contrastingly, her works fully demonstrate her creative capacity and her keen observation of human nature. The third chapter discusses the men and women of the city. Her vivid descriptions bring Hong Kong alive, depicting the realistic yet ironic love affairs between people. She reflects the deficiencies of modern urban life by putting several issues under the spotlight: the commoditification of human emotions, the vulnerability and resilience of women in love, the commercialisation of pornography, and voyeurism. Lee channels the anxiety of modern people through nostalgic touches and helps to find a haven for people’s solitude and loneliness. The fourth chapter explains the nostalgic trend that Lee’s novels brought in Hong Kong. People were able to reconstructe the hidden history of Hong Kong through her novels, filling the hollowness in their souls. On the other hand, the handover in 1997 brought stress to most Hong Kong people, and they sought refuge and identity in the past. The fifth chapter analyses Lee’s views on Chinese history and politics. Though a resident on a tiny island on the edge of China, Lee cares a lot about her central motherland. She puts different focuses on China before, during and after the handover of Hong Kong, and shows the national and ethnic awareness and self-identity of Hong Kong people. The last chapter discusses the features of Lee’s adapted works. In adapting classics, Lee “emphasises the personality and emotional expressions of female characters” and “criticises specific political figures”. In adapting novellas into novels, she “contextualises the stories into their historical and political backgrounds” and “depicts richer characters”. Lilian Lee marked a touch of sensitivity to the life of Hong Kong. She never stopped writing, and keeps paying attention to both China and Hong Kong. Her contemplation about the influence of China on Hong Kong and the colours and hues of this “Oriental Pearl” are all ingrained in her novels. |
