| 摘要: | 電解水產氫(water electrolysis)是目前製造氫氣常用之方法，具有高效能、產生氫氣純度高、使用便利等特色。而氫氣在釋放能源的過程中，並不會產生二氧化碳等造成溫室效應之氣體，基於近年來對於環保之重視及其獨有之優勢，未來相當具發展淺力。 本實驗利用鐵磁性(ferromagnetism)材料鎳、順磁性(paramagnetism)材料白金、逆磁性(diamagnetism)材料石墨等不同磁性之電極材料，及特製電解裝置，在不額外浪費能源下，由恆電位儀所記錄得到的資料，探討電解液濃度、電壓、電極間距加入不同方向磁場後受磁流體動力學(MHD)中勞侖茲力(Lorentz force)之影響。 在常溫下對於電解水加入磁場之實驗，由拍攝圖片顯示出，垂直於固定電流方向之兩個不同磁力方向，所形成之勞侖茲力使電解液產生向上及向下之流場對流效應，實驗結果顯示加入磁場狀態下：鐵磁性材料受到磁力作用，其磁化之效應較順磁材料及逆磁材料來的大，因此與勞侖茲力有相加或相乘之效果亦大。 常溫下、電極間距2mm、電壓4V，加入磁場狀態下：鐵磁性磁料鎳電極所提升效率為14%；順磁材料之白金電極提升之效率為10%；逆磁材料之石墨電極則為極小之增加值。 Among the methods of hydrogen production, water electrolysis has many advantages, such as high efficiency, high purity in producing hydrogen, easy in use, etc., and thus becomes one of popular methods. During the process of releasing energy, hydrogen produces no green-house-effect gas and has potential as a energy carrier in the future. In this study, we use ferromagnetism material (nickel), paramagnetism material (platinum), and diamagnetism material (graphite) as electrodes, respectively. Experimental set-up are modified to study the effects of working parameters, such as concentration of electrolyte, current, voltage, electrode distance and magnetic field on the water electrolyies. As water electrolysis is conduced with an electric field perpendicular to a magnetic field, Lorenz force will produce magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) convection and effect the gas bubble evolution. At 25oC, water electrolysis is operated in a static, uniform magnetic field, which is superimposed perpendicular to the current direction in order to make upward and downward MHD convection. The results of experiment show that magnetization of ferromagnetism material is influenced greatly than the others by magnetic field.The maximum current density enhancement of ferromagnetism material(Ni) is about 14% , while it is about 14% for paramagnetism material(Pt) , The current density enhancement of diamagnetism material (C)is few. |
