| 摘要: | 底泥泥芯是用來研究環境中有機污染物歷史變動趨勢很好的一種方式同時也有可能協助判定當時的污染來源。本次研究調查兩支泥芯，一支於2008年採自北台灣的翡翠水庫，另一支於2009 年採自中台灣的日月潭。樣品經由索氏萃取後，以 Cape 複合管柱進行前處理淨化，最後以高解析度氣相層析高解析度質譜儀上機檢測17 種戴奧辛/?喃、12 種戴奧辛類多氯聯苯及24 種多溴二苯醚。翡翠水庫泥芯檢測結果，戴奧辛/?喃及戴奧辛類多氯聯苯毒性當量濃度測值介於 0.036 至 2.63 ng WHO-TEQ/kg (d.w.) 及 0.021 至 0.251 ng WHO-TEQ/kg (d.w.)，最高值出現於1998 至2000 年間，經搭配污染源排放資料應為北部附近幾座大型垃圾焚化廠運轉導致。至於日月潭泥芯檢測結果，戴奧辛/?喃及戴奧辛類多氯聯苯毒性當量濃度測值介於 1.14 至 4.42 ng WHO-TEQ/kg (d.w.) 及 0.005 至 0.305 ng WHO-TEQ/kg (d.w.)，最高值出現於1971 至1978 年間，推測污染來源可能由於農藥（DDT、PCP 及CNP）等不純物引起。OCDD 在所有戴奧辛濃度中超過95%，而戴奧辛類多氯聯苯濃度以PCB-118 最高，其次為PCB-105 及PCB-77。24 個多溴二苯醚檢測結果在翡翠水庫介於0.129 至 6.75 ng/g，以BDE-209 最高，其次為BDE-47 及 BDE-99，日月潭則介於 0.041 至 2.16 ng/g，以BDE-209 最高，其次為BDE-207及BDE-183。 Dated sediment cores provide the reference record to investigate the historical input of persistent organic pollutants into the environment and identify possible sources in the vicinity area. In this study, two sediment cores, one at Feitsui Reservoir and the other at Sun Moon Lake were taken in 2008 and 2009 in north and middle of Taiwan, respectively. Samples were Soxhlet-extracted and cleaned up by the CAPE Technologies coupled carbon-acid silica column, and the concentrations of seventeen 2,3,7,8-polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs), twelve dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (DLPCBs), and twenty-four polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) were measured by HRGC/HRMS in SIM mode. The concentrations of PCDD/Fs and DLPCBs in different depth of sediment cores ranged from 0.036 to 2.63 ng WHO-TEQ/kg and 0.021 to 0.251 ng WHO-TEQ/kg, respectively, at Feitsui Reservoir. The high values were detected from 1998 to 2000. The results indicated that the increase in the PCDD/Fs and DLPCBs concentration of the sediment core was related to the operation of municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) in the vicinity area of the Feitsui reservoir. Additionally, the concentrations of PCDD/Fs and DLPCBs measured in sediment core collected at Sun Moon Lake ranged from 1.14 to 4.42 ng WHO-TEQ/kg and 0.005 to 0.305 ng WHO-TEQ/kg, respectively. The high values were detected from 1971 to 1978. The results indicated that the variation of PCDD/Fs and DLPCBs contents in different depth of sediment core is similar to that of the pesticides (DDT, PCP and CNP) usage in Taiwan. OCDD contributed more than 95% to the total PCDD/Fs concentration in all samples, while PCB-118 was the most dominant congener of DLPCBs, followed by PCB-105 and PCB-77. In addition, the concentrations of 24 tri- through Deca-BDE congeners in the sediment core collected at Feitsui Reservoir range from 0.129 to 6.75 ng/g, followed by BDE-209, BDE-47 and BDE-99. The sediment core collected at Sun Moon Lake range from 0.041 to 2.16 ng/g, followed by BDE-209, BDE-207 and BDE-183. |
