本論文的研究重點在於女性主義的母職論述。在台灣的女性主義文本中，本地女性主義者對母職的態度一直曖昧不清。大多是將母職視為社會或文化問題，而沒有探索和發掘其身體及心理的意義。然而，代理孕母的議題使得女性主義者也不得不面對母職的基進層面--身體與生殖。大多數台灣女性主義者相信代理孕母是父權壓迫女性的新形式，但另有其他人認為代理孕母將從基本上鬆動父權。 本人在此論文中重讀安竺．芮曲的<女人所生>及舒拉米思．費爾史東的<性的辯證>，做為基進思考母職的重要論述基本。芮曲認為母職在本質上是女性力量的來源，因而鼓勵擁抱母職。費爾史東則認為母職是天生的壓迫，故提議以人工生殖將男女從天生的生殖功能限制中解放出來。對於豐富和拓展本地女性主義的母職觀點，二者的論點皆非常值得重新思考。 The focal issue in this thesis is feminist discourses on motherhood. In Taiwan feminist texts, local feminists’attitudes toward motherhood are ambiguous. They mainly treated motherhood as a social and cultural problem, without exploring and discovering the physical and psychological meanings. However, the issue of surrogate motherhood forces feminists to face the radical level of motherhood—body and reproduction. Most of the Taiwan feminists believe surrogate motherhood is a new way of women’s oppression of patriarchal motherhood. But some others argue surrogate motherhood will shake the patriarchy in a fundamental way. To reconsider motherhood radically, I reread Adrienne Rich’s Of Woman Born and Shulamith Firestone’s The Dialectic of Sex. Rich has critically pondered her own experiences of motherhood radically both in terms of physiology and psychology. She believes that the motherhood could be powerful and enjoyable, but the patriarchal institution has made it suffering. Therefore she goes on exploring the stigmatized potentials of motherhood. On the contrary, Firestone thinks motherhood is repressive in itself. She argues reproduction is the original division of labor. Only the technology of artificial reproduction can liberate women from the root of women’s oppression. Although Rich’s and Firestone’s viewpoints are different and even opposite, both of them mean to empowering women and mothers. Their radical arguments are worth reconsidering to enrich and enlarge local feminist perspectives on motherhood.
