以J. Baird Callicott的生態永續進路論國土保育問題 ; On the J. Baird Callicott's Ecological Sustainability approach for the issue of land conservation

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题名:	以J. Baird Callicott的生態永續進路論國土保育問題;On the J. Baird Callicott's Ecological Sustainability approach for the issue of land conservation
作者:	吳宸緯;Chen-wei Wu
贡献者:	哲學研究所碩士在職專班
关键词:	大地倫理;國土保育;生態永續性;生態完整性;生態系健康;環境整體主義;Callicott;Land ethics;land conservation;ecological sustainability;ecological integrity;ecosystem health;environmental holism;Callicott
日期:	2010-12-30
上传时间:	2011-06-04 15:17:20 (UTC+8)
出版者:	國立中央大學
摘要:	本文主要從生態永續性（ecological sustainability）概念出發，檢討我國從民國六十八年前期到近年的國土保育政策。本文立基於Aldo Leopold的大地倫理，以及J. Baird Callicott的生態永續論點，試圖提出一種能兼顧人與自然、保育與經濟發展兩者和諧發展之具體可能性的指標。首先,本文從國土保育政策的環境倫理學批判角度，分析歸納出國土保育政策演變的四階段特徵。一為民國六十八年之前尚無任何具體系統性計畫時期。其次為六十八年至八十五年間以經濟成長為標的的「永續發展的經濟取向」階段。三為從八十五年至九十八年重視周遭生活品質的「永續發展的生活品質取向」階段。最後為重視生態、國土資源合理配置，確保國土永續及適性發展的「永續發展的生態取向」階段。並提出未來在永續發展國土保育面上可能遇到的困難及可從環境倫理角度提出的發展方向。其次,本文論證了Callicott生態永續性的整體主義基礎，在尊重的前提下，大地倫理的道德範圍擴展到了生態系中的每一份子。接著從Callicott提出了生態完整性與生態永續性，並以生態系健康的概念，提出近代以環境永續為前提，具體發展而出的生態系健康指標，以做為國內未來在規畫國土保育政策時有所依的環境倫理概念。最後，本文亦嘗試說明如何以生態永續性做為建構國家正向與永續的國土保育政策之基礎，以求能改善近年嚴重的國土危安情形，讓人民與土地和諧共存。 This article mainly based on ecological sustainability concept, to review our land conservation policy from earlier in 1979 to recently years. This article based on Aldo Leopold's land ethic, and J. Baird Callicott’s argument of ecological sustainability, trying to proposed a specific possibilities indicator to make harmonious development between mankind and nature, conservation and economic development. Firstly, this article comes from the land conservation policy in critical perspective of environmental ethics; its evolution can analysis summarized four stages. One is that haven’t any specific systematic plan stage before 1976. The second, from 1979 to 1996, the "sustainable development of economic orientation" stage, target of economic growth. The third, from 1996 to 2009, the "sustainable development of the quality of life orientation" stage, target of value the quality of life all around. Finally, the "sustainable development of eco-orientation" stage, value ecology, rational allocation of land resources, ensures sustainable and proper development of land. And propose the possibility difficulties in future sustainable development of land conservation, and raise a direction of development in the angle of environmental ethics. Secondly, this article argument the base of holism of Callicott's ecological sustainability, on the premise of respect, the land ethics extend the moral scope to every member of the ecological system. Then, Callicott proposed the ecological integrity and ecological sustainability, and in ecosystem health concept, raise environmental sustainability as a premise in the modern, specific developed ecosystem health indicators, for the future as a national land planning conservation policy that depend on the concept of environmental ethics. Finally, this article also try to explain how to construct a positive and sustainable national land conservation policy in ecological sustainability as the foundation, in order to improve serious land crisis situation in recent years, let the people live in harmony with the land.
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