| 摘要: | 交通安全長期以來都受到各國政府、汽車業與社會大眾普遍的重視，隨著車輛設計與生產技術的進步，各式性能更好、配備更先進的車輛不斷問世；在高速公路的設計與建設上，亦大大提升了行車速度與流通量，增進社會的進步與便利。然而酒醉駕車死亡一直是台灣地區主要的死亡原因，因喝酒所衍生的肇事案件有逐年上升的趨勢，且隨著酒精濃度愈高傷亡愈嚴重，說明了酒駕議題與交通安全的重要性。因此，唯有徹底針對酒駕對於生理功能、心理因素、行為特質的影響進行探討，才能採用有效的方式加以改善或預防，以降低交通事故發生次數與嚴重程度，此已成為極重要且急迫的交通安全目標。 積極開發以高科技電子產品輔助駕駛者降低車輛事故發生率及人員死傷率的先進安全車輛，是目前世界各國重要且積極的研究課題之一。本研究希望建構在先進安全車輛之概念之下，開發出智慧型酒駕監測系統，並利用駕駛模擬器進行研究，設計出合適之駕駛場景與駕駛任務，包含四種酒精濃度(0、0.15、0.25、0.55 mg/l)及三種警示方式(無、影音、震動)進行駕駛試驗。並且對於受測者進行NASA-TLX主觀評量、生理狀態等資料量測分析。 研究結果為酒精濃度對於碰撞時間平均值、反應時間平均值、紅燈鬆油門距離平均值、車速標準差及反應時間標準差達到顯著水準，證實飲酒確實會減弱駕駛績效。而警示系統對於油門深度平均值、紅燈鬆油門距離平均值、煞車深度標準差、反應時間標準差達到顯著水準，證實警示系統確實會提升駕駛績效。同時，在各種警示系統的功能性比較之下，得知影音警示對於酒駕之駕駛績效提升最具影響性。生理狀態隨著呼氣酒精含量愈高，其心率平均值升高。綜觀以上，相信本研究所探討之駕駛績效及生理狀態表現，可提供國內開發酒駕偵測警示系統的設計應用參考。 Traffic safety issue has been respected by government, automobile industry and the general public for a long time. More and more advanced vehicles have been produced with the development of vehicle design and product technology, highway design and construction also enhance the speed and circulation, promote social progress and convenience greatly. However, drunk driving has been the leading cause of death in Taiwan. Accidents caused from drunk driving has increased year by year and it comes seriously with the high alcohol concentration sometimes. Therefore, to improve and prevent drunk driving has become very important and urgent traffic safety target. Development of high-tech electronic products which assist driver to reduce vehicle accidents is very important in the world. This study based on the idea of Advanced Safety Vehicle to develop an intelligent monitoring and detection system for drunk driving, and research with Driving Simulator, device with appropriate driving missions and driving scenes including four kinds of alcohol concentrations (0、0.15、0.25、0.55 mg/l) and three kinds of warming systems (none, voice and image, vibration). Then we obtained and analyzed these statistics containing NASA-TLX, physiological state, driving performance. According to result, alcohol concentration had great influence on time to collision(TTC), standard deviation reaction time(RT), distance of release throttle, standard deviation of speed, and warming system caused great influence on depth of throttle, distance of release throttle, standard deviation of depth of brake, standard deviation of reaction time. At the same time, experimental results clearly demonstrated that the voice and image warming system has the best performance on three kinds of warming systems. Higher alcohol concentration would cause higher average heart rate. All in all, we believe that the results in our study would useful to development and design of monitoring and detection system for drunk driving. |
