本文主張，德語作家威廉．詹森所著的中篇小說《葛蒂娃》其實是一種文 本的願望實現。史實中的義大利考古學家費歐力．吉斯普對如父一般的教皇以及 十九世紀的義大利保守勢力統治者敵對與認同，以及對古龐貝城的一種伊底帕斯 式的渴望都反應在《葛蒂娃》這文本無意識的場域中。書中的主角諾本特．哈諾 不但透過認同其同為考古學家的父親，而化身成為了國族主體；而我主張，更重 要的是，與書中女主角之父經歷的伊底帕斯式認同將哈諾由一個戀物者轉化為一 個常態國族主體。 As the textual wish-fulfillment of the historical reality in which the Italian archaeologist as national subject (Fiorelli Giuseppe) could not resolve the death drive for the father figures of Pope Pius IX and conservative rulers of 19th-century Italy as well as the erotic desire for Pompeii, which I characterize as the mother of historical plenitude, the novella Gradiva by Wilhelm Jensen, as I read it, can be interpreted as site of textual unconscious in which the national subject, Norbert Hanold—a fictional character of a German archaeologist, identified with his own archaeologist father, the representative of the father of the German nation as well as Zoe’s father whose role as father allowed him to transit from a perverse subject of fetishism into a functional, normative national subject.
