論蔣李內爭與國共內戰之挫敗（1945-1949）; The Influence of Chiang-Lee Struggle on the Chinese Civil War (1945-1949)

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题名:	論蔣李內爭與國共內戰之挫敗（1945-1949）;The Influence of Chiang-Lee Struggle on the Chinese Civil War (1945-1949)
作者:	潘文惠;Wen-hui Pan
贡献者:	歷史研究所碩士在職專班
关键词:	蔣李內爭;國共內戰;蔣介石;李宗仁;Lee Tsung-jen;Chiang Kai-shek;Chinese Civil War;Chiang-Lee Interior Struggle
日期:	2011-07-20
上传时间:	2012-01-05 14:07:05 (UTC+8)
摘要:	本文主要在探討蔣介石與以李宗仁為首的桂系之間的內部鬥爭對於國共內戰的影響。在論述的基礎與方向上，採取將蔣、李立場不同的對立觀點均予納入後，再重新提出整合性的觀點，而在解釋上亦希望儘可能摒除政治因素干擾，純粹地以六十年後的角度，重新審視1945至1949年這段極具關鍵性的一仟捌佰多個日子中的歷史發展。由這樣的角度出發，吾人不難發現，國共情勢的丕變，乃至最終政權易手，撇開中國自清末以來連年動盪所造成的種種社會、經濟面向等大時代因素，國民黨最終失去政權，有更大因素是來自於內部的不團結，尤其是身為國家領導人的蔣介石以及做為其副手的李宗仁及其所帶領的桂系之間，自始至終，互相制肘，使得原本仍有放手一搏的機會，驟然消逝。然而，此一說法只是過於簡化的敘述。因為在蔣介石歷年來三次下野事件中，李宗仁及其所統領的桂系不是主要施壓者，就是最後獲利者。但若由另一面向觀察，國民政府在其領導的北伐、剿匪、抗日戰爭中，桂系卻又發揮重要的軍事協助，甚至在反共立場上，桂系亦是蔣介石最為堅定的盟友，因此，兩人最終所展現的互相羈絆必然有其淵源，而正是這些因素決定了國民黨大陸政權的挫敗。 This dissertation is to study the interior struggle between Chiang and Guangxi clique led by Lee Tsung-jen and analyze the effect on the Chinese civil war. This paper discusses the opposing viewpoints between Chiang and Guangxi clique, and then proposes an integrated view. We would also re-examine the historical development during 1945-1949 with the 21st century viewpoint getting rid of the political interference as every possible. In addition to the social, political and economic turbulence since the late Qing Dynasty, we can find that the KMT-CPC situation changing, and ultimately KMT lost regime in mainland China, the major cause comes from internal strife, especially between Chiang Kai-shek, his assistant Lee Tsung-jen and Guangxi clique led by Lee Tsung-jen. Due to their constraints to each other, they finally lost the last chance to fight with CPC. However, this kind of narrative seems to be simple. Over those years, Chiang had been forced to relinquish all his power for three times. Lee Tsung-jen and Guangxi clique always played the role of oppressor or profiteer. On the other hand, Guangxi clique also played an important military assistance during the Northern Expedition, anti-Communist campaigns and the Second Sino-Japanese War. Even in the position of anti-communist, Guangxi clique was Chiang Kai-shek most stalwart friend. Therefore, Guangxi clique and Chiang Kai-shek got entangled in each other from the beginning to the end. Also, all these complex factors resulted in the collapse of Kuomintang’s regime in the mainland China.
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