利用甲仙地震研究台灣西南部場址特性; Analysis of the Site Effect in Southwestern Taiwan From the 2010 Jiasian, Taiwan, Earthquake

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題名:	利用甲仙地震研究台灣西南部場址特性;Analysis of the Site Effect in Southwestern Taiwan From the 2010 Jiasian, Taiwan, Earthquake
作者:	鄭斐文;Fei-Wen Cheng
貢獻者:	地球物理研究所
關鍵詞:	場址效應;弱震;單站頻譜比法;主頻;甲仙地震;Dominant Frequency;H/V Ratio;Weak Motion;Jiasian Earthquake;Site Effect
日期:	2011-08-24
上傳時間:	2012-01-05 14:13:29 (UTC+8)
摘要:	2010年3月4日8時18分53秒，高雄甲仙地震站東偏南方約17公里發生震源深度22.64公里、芮氏規模6.4的地震，主要造成災害的區域為台南和高雄。此次地震造成災害主要為建築物損毀或倒塌、土壤液化及高鐵出軌。影響地震動的因素相當複雜，主要因素有三個：震源效應、路徑效應、場址效應。本研究希望藉由甲仙地震發生時收集到的資料及1993~2009年的弱震資料，利用Nakamura（1989）提出的單站頻譜比法做為分析地震資料的方法研究，瞭解台灣西南部的場址特性。由甲仙地震的主頻分布圖和不同頻率的H/V Ratio分布圖，以及弱震的主頻分布圖，可得知0.3~2Hz主要分布於海岸帄原， 2~4Hz主要分布於帄原、丘陵和接近山區的地方，而大於4以上的主頻分布主要在山區。而不同樓層數建築物之主頻與不同主頻對應的放大區域相吻合，於建築樓層設計時應避免與區域的共振主頻相同，或在耐震設計上應加入考量。透過甲仙地震、弱震和微地動主頻分布比較得知：弱震是多筆資料帄均的結果，反應為地層主要的綜合反應，甲仙地震為單筆地震記錄，因此可能有些測站反應的僅是某一地層，造成與弱震挑選出的主頻有所差異。而微地動測量與分析與地震發生時淺層地層的反應相同。最後，討論高鐵脫軌事件，假設高鐵告警系統能與強地動站和即時站做連線，可得更多時間煞車，並透過地震波波形的觀察，推測其脫軌原因可能為表面波所造成。 The Jiasian earthquake occurred at 8:18:53 A.M. on March 4th, 2010 and it was a large earthquake with magnitude ML=6.4 and focal depth 22.6 km. occurred on land in Taiwan. It also caused many structures damage, soil liquefaction, and a high speed rail car derailed. The factors affect the ground motions are quite complex. The main factors are source, path, and local site effects. In this study, the data from the Jiasian earthquake and the weak motion data from 1993~2009 are analyzed by using the single station spectral ratio method (Nakamura, 1989) to study the site effect in southwestern Taiwan. From the dominant frequency contour map and the H/V Ratio maps of different frequency bands show that at the coast plain the dominant frequencies are about 0.3~2 Hz; at the plain, hill, and the area near mountain the dominant frequencies are about 2~4 Hz; at the mountain areas the dominant frequencies are greater than 4. And the higher stories school buildings are damaged at the high H/V Ratio area of low frequency bands, in contrast, the lower stories school buildings are damaged at the high H/V Ratio area of higher frequency bands. So, structure design should avoid the structure frequency around the same with the local dominant frequency; or need to consider the local dominant frequency in the seismic design of structure. Compared the dominant frequency distribution observed from Jiasian earthquake, weak motion, and microtremor data in the study area, it would understand that the weak motion results are averaged response from many earthquakes. The result of Jiasian earthquake was a signal event so it might present the certain of layers. It was the reason of the differencet between the dominant frequency of Jiasian earthquake and weak motion for some stations. And the microtremor response can be used to infer the response of shallow layer when the earthquake happened. Finally, the event of high speed rail car derail was discussed. Assumed the earthquake warning system also installed on the all of strong motion stations it would increase much more time to brake the trains and decrease the probability of derail. After observed the waveform from Jiasian earthquake, it might infer that the reason of high speed rail car derail were due to the surface wave generation.
顯示於類別:	[地球物理研究所] 博碩士論文

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