岩層開裂與邊坡滑動之音波特性及預警機制;The Characteristics of Sound Waves during Rock Fracture or Landslide and the Early-Warning Mechanism

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題名:	岩層開裂與邊坡滑動之音波特性及預警機制;The Characteristics of Sound Waves during Rock Fracture or Landslide and the Early-Warning Mechanism
作者:	張惠文
貢獻者:	土木工程學系
關鍵詞:	岩石破裂;山崩;土石流;音波;加速度;研究領域：土木水利工程類
日期:	2011-08-01
上傳時間:	2012-01-17 17:21:45 (UTC+8)
出版者:	行政院國家科學委員會
摘要:	本計畫目的係利用微音器及加速度計量測岩體與土樣剪裂或滑動時產生之音波與加速度等波傳訊號，並建立災害之預警機制。由於岩體錯動或邊坡滑動時，能量傳播是靠著質點振動而傳送，除有振動外，亦將產生不同性質之音波。本研究預計利用音波與振波量測系統，監測土壤及岩石之變形與破壞行為，發掘土壤及岩石破壞前產生之微小變形或發生大量變形時之音訊及振動，希望藉此微小音訊及振動之資訊，預判災害之發生時機。本計畫預定先於室內大型土槽進行土壤中音波及振波傳遞試驗，探討兩者之相關性。再以不同質量比之西螺砂與水泥製成人工岩體，於試體上崁入微音器及加速度計，採應變控制與應力控制方式施加水平應力，進行一系列岩體摩擦試驗與剪裂試驗。至於土樣則採西螺砂與細粒料依不同質量比混合製成，再進行土樣與岩體之摩擦試驗或土樣之剪力試驗。目的為擷取試驗過程之波傳訊號，藉以瞭解岩體或土體受剪時之音波及振波訊號特性，建立波傳訊號與摩擦應力或滑動位移之關係，並應用HHT與FFT分析音波與加速度訊號。希望藉由觀測音波與加速度之微小變化，開發災害之預警機制，提高預警系統之時效性與可靠度。企盼此預警機制可降低相關災害之損失並保障民眾生命與財產之安全。 The purpose of this project focuses on the measurement of sound wave and acceleration generated by rock fracture or landslide with acoustic sensor and accelerometer, and the establishment of early-warning mechanism of calamity. When the sliding of fault or the landslide occurs, the energy is transmitted relying on vibration of particles. In addition to a vibration, the differently natural sound waves will be produced at this moment. This project prepares to monitor the deformation and failure in soils and rocks by a measurement system of sound wave and acceleration. Furthermore, this project will explore the small sound wave and the little vibration before generating a large deformation or failure in soils and rocks, and the information of sound wave and the vibration can be used to predict the occurrence of calamity. Firstly, this project is expected to carry out the wave propagation test of sound and acceleration in soil medium with a large-scale indoor test pit. And then the artificial rock blocks will be prepared with Shiluo sands and cements under different mass ratios. The acoustic sensor and accelerometer are inserted into the artificial rock blocks. A series of rock friction tests and rock fracture tests will be carried out by adopting a method of strain control or stress control. However, the soil specimens are made of Shiluo sands and fine aggregates with different mass ratios. A series of friction tests between soil specimens and artificial rock blocks or soil shear tests will be carried out by a same method of strain control or stress control. This project focuses on the capture of sound waves and accelerations during the testing process in order to understand the signal characteristics in rocks or soils when rocks or soils are subject to shear stress. The relationships among sound waves, accelerations, friction stress and displacements will be established. Furthermore, the signals of sound waves and accelerations will be analyzed by the application of HHT and FFT. This project anticipates developing the early-warning mechanism by observing the little variety of sound waves and the acceleration. This early-warning mechanism will improve effectively the timeliness and reliability of the present early-warning systems. We look forward to this early-warning mechanism can reduce the influence of calamity and ensure people's lives and properties against accidents. 研究期間：10008 ~ 10107
關聯:	財團法人國家實驗研究院科技政策研究與資訊中心
顯示於類別:	[土木工程學系 ] 研究計畫

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