台灣過去以來遭受到各種空氣汙染，像是臭氧汙染、從戈壁沙漠經過長程傳送帶來的懸浮微粒以及中南半島生質燃燒造成的空氣汙染。而台灣的空氣汙染問題與氣象條件具有極大的關聯，而過去也有研究試著了解台灣的區域性氣流循環與垂直傳送如何影響台灣的空氣品質。大氣模式中包含複雜的物理過程，像是積雲對流參數化、降水物理參數化、輻射傳送過程、大氣邊界層及地表模式。邊界層與地表過程提供了地表與大氣之間熱量及動量的交換，適當的邊界層參數法對氣象與空氣品質模式的準確模擬具有關鍵的影響。現已有研究針對邊界層參數法對東亞與南亞氣象模式的影響，但是大部分都集中在季風時期的降水行為和對流活動。儘管如此，邊界層參數法與季風循環間的關聯卻仍未明瞭。除此之外，地表和大氣的交互作用對空氣汙染物的傳送及消散作用也仍然是個不確定因素。在春季期間有利的天氣條件下，中南半島的生質燃燒會影響到台灣的空氣汙染。在本項研究中，我們主要致力於中尺度數值天氣預報模式(WRF)的邊界層及地表過程。首要目的在於從模式的觀點去了解，在生質燃燒汙染物增加時，邊界層的水平傳送與垂直擴散過程，以及找出在生質燃燒季節，造成台灣高氣膠容載量主要的氣象機制；再者，評估模式的性能並量化重要的邊界層氣象參數，例如：熱通量、邊界層高度、風的傳送及渦流擴散，並瞭解目前模式的限制及邊界層地表效應研究需待改進的部分；第三，辨別大氣環境場的作用，為何有時會導致台灣高氣膠容載量(事件日)，而有時則非(非事件日)；第四，說明東南亞季節性季風循環開始時的邊界層物理過程。本研究時期包含兩個事集(事件與非事件)，事件案例以台灣受生質燃燒影響的期間為表徵，非事件案例則以中南半島的生質燃燒未影響台灣空氣汙染問題的期間為表徵。在此研究，選擇2007 與2010 年春季作為本研究的事件與非事件，利用天氣研究與預報模式(WRF)作為主要的氣象模擬模式，而空氣品質模式，則使用多尺度空氣品質模式(CMAQ)完成空氣品質模擬的後續影響。 Taiwan has been suffered serious air pollution problem such as ozone pollution, particulate matter of long-range transport from Gobi desert, and the biomass burning from Indochina also draws attention. The air pollution problem in Taiwan is strongly associated with the meteorological conditions. There have been several studies to understand how local wind circulation and vertical transport affects air quality in Taiwan. The atmospheric model includes the complicated physical processes such as cumulus convective parameterization, explicit moisture scheme, radiative transfer processes, boundary layer and land surface modeling. Adequate treatment of planetary boundary layer (PBL) scheme is critical for meteorological and air quality modeling. The boundary layer and land surface processes represent the surface heat and momentum exchanging processes between the land and air. There have been several studies to understand the effect of boundary layer scheme in South and East Asia meteorological modeling, but most of them are looking at the precipitation behaviors and convective activity during the monsoon season. Even though, the linkage between boundary layer parameterization with monsoon circulations is still unclear. Besides the impact of the land-air interaction on the transport and diffusion of air pollutants is still uncertain. During the spring season, the biomass burning over Indochina can influence the Taiwan’s air pollution under the favorable meteorological condition. In this study, we are focusing on the boundary layer and land surface processes in the Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF). The objectives first is from modeling point of view to understand the boundary layer transport and diffusion processes on the lifting of biomass burning air pollutants and identify the key meteorological mechanism causing the high aerosol loading in Taiwan during the biomass burning season. Second, to evaluate the modeling performance and quantify the important boundary layer meteorological parameters such as heat flux, boundary layer height, wind transport and eddy diffusivity. Understand the current modeling limitation and research on the improvement of boundary layer and land surface coupling. Third, to distinguish the role of atmospheric environment which sometimes causes high aerosol loading in Taiwan (event day), but sometimes not (non-event day). Forth, to illustrate the boundary layer physical processes on the onset of south and east monsoon circulation. The study period will include 2 episodes (event vs. non-event). Event case is characterized as for the days where Taiwan was affected by the biomass burning. Non-event case is for the days where the biomass burning from Indochina does not affect the Taiwan local air pollution problem. In this study, we picked spring 2007 and 2010 for the study of event and non-event cases respectively. The Weather Research Forecasting (WRF) model will be utilized as a major meteorological modeling. Air quality modeling using Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model will be performed to study the subsequent impact on air quality simulation. 研究期間：10008 ~ 10107
