| 摘要: | 1979年起各地知青陸續大規模回城，這些闊別城市多年的知青在返回城市後，卻出現生活適應上的困窘，作家們在八十年代紛紛寫出這些回城知青的生活境遇，本論文所要探究的回城知青之集體記憶包含生活環境的適應、工作家庭的融入、經濟物質的困頓、婚姻學業的困境以及思想情感的困惑等各種生活處境。 本論文利用「文本分析法」，以梁曉聲小說《雪城》為中心，先分析《雪城》中回城知青的生活境遇，再參酌比較其他作家在此議題的文本呈現，並引用相關的史學研究、社會學研究、期刊討論、統計年鑒以為佐證，歸納出回城知青的集體記憶。 在回城知青與社會∕家庭的衝突中，回城知青要面對城市民眾的冷漠、生活空間的擁擠和家人相處的隔閡。在成家與立業的難題中，回城知青要面對大齡未婚的壓力或是婚姻破碎、愛情損失的處境；他們有人成了待業青年，或是從事勞力工作；為了工作或理想，他們積極追補學業，但因為基礎不佳和年歲已長因此格外艱辛。在異質價值的矛盾與取捨中，知青要面對與從前迥異的價值觀，嚴謹的道德觀與城市的新準則讓知青無所遵從；集體主義與個人生活讓知青無從抉擇；理想主義與現實生活更存在著極大的差異。在回城知青的徬徨與省思中，面對回城後的生活，有些知青安於現狀，有些知青不甘平凡；他們懷念從前的邊疆∕農村，甚至選擇「回歸」；他們回顧也反思自己的知青時代。總之，回城知青的生活處境也可以說是知青的另一種「集體記憶」。Around 1979, large scales of educated youths moved back to the cities. However, after years away from the cities, these educated youths faced many difficulties in life. Writers in the 80’s expressed the lifestyle of the youths during that era. This thesis is to inquiry the collective memory of these youths, including adapting to the living environment, fitting in the work-family, the difficulties of material life, the swamp of marriage and academic studies, confusion of thoughts and emotions with other living conditions.In this thesis, “Text Analyzing” was applied, and Liang Xiao sheng’s novel "Xue Cheng" served as base. This thesis first analyzed the lives of Youths that return to the city in “Xue Cheng,” then referred it to other writer’s text that presented the same issue; while quoting relevant historical researches, sociology researches, journal discussions, and statistics as strong supports to draw a conclusion of the collective memory of the educated youths who returned to the cities. The impact of the youths that returned to the cities on society, and family, has left the youths to confront the coldness of the city’s residents, the crowded living space, and the estrangement among the family. Upon Marriage and Carriers, the youths had to face the pressure of older unmarried, broken marriage, or the loss of love. Some of the youths became unemployed youths, or physical labors. Due to their occupation or dreams, they were active in catching up with academic studies, but their poor basis and older in age has made it particularly difficult. Under the dilemma of different values and contradictions, the youths had to face new values, strict morality and the city’s new standards, which made the Youths nothing to comply with. Collectivism and personal life has made it unable to choose for the Youths; while a big difference lies between idealism and realistic life. Among the uncertainty and pondering of the Youths that returned to the cities, some are content with it, some couldn’t accept that they ought to live regular lives, and some upon missing the lives before chose to “return” to the suburban. The youths recalled and self-examined their lives in that “Educated Youth” era. To sum up, the lives of the educated youths who returned to the cities is said to be another form of the collective memory of the educated youths. |
