本研究發展適用於模擬極端降雨事件的分散式集水區地表逕流模式，此 逕流模式考慮的水文過程包括降雨、截留、入滲、漫地流與渠道流。本論 文以石門水庫集水區為計算案例，為檢定模式之參數與適用性，模擬賀伯、 瑞伯與納莉三個颱風極端降雨事件的集水區地表逕流，並分析其地表水體 在時間與空間的變化與分佈。 我們亦探討演算時距與空間解析度、入滲與截留等水文過程參數，以及 降雨分佈的計算方式對逕流模擬的影響。驗證結果本模式可適用於考慮水 文循環現象之集水區，並有效推算洪峰流量與洪鋒時間。但因本模式簡化 部份水文循環現象造成模擬結果誤差，未來可以針對此部分的修正繼續研 究。 A distributed watershed run-off model is developed to simulate the surface water distributions on the typhoon events. The factors of hydrology are considered in the model, such as rainfall, interception, infiltration, overland flow, and channel flow. To evaluate this mode, we simulate the surface water distributions of Shihmen watershed on the events of typhoon Herb, Zeb, and Nari.With this simulation, we analyze the changes of surface water distributions in time and space. We also validate the effects of computation time, space resolution, infiltration factor, interception factor, and the calculating method of rainfall distribution on this model.The watershed run-off model can be used to simulate the hydrology circulations in the watersheds, and calculate flood peak discharge as well as duration effectively. Since the hydrologic cycle is simplified in the model, there are some biases in the simulation results. Further studies of the biases can be performed.
