同伴動物:人倫限度的探究;Companion Animals: Exploration Of The Limits Of Human Relations

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題名:	同伴動物:人倫限度的探究;Companion Animals: Exploration Of The Limits Of Human Relations
作者:	楊雅芳;Yang,Ya-Fang
貢獻者:	哲學研究所碩士在職專班
關鍵詞:	關懷倫理;寵物;動物權;同伴動物;道德地位;社群擴張;moral;companion animals;pet;animal rights
日期:	2012-07-26
上傳時間:	2012-09-11 17:53:15 (UTC+8)
出版者:	國立中央大學
摘要:	不婚、不生的社會趨勢與寵物風潮的匯集合流，尤使當代人類與寵物間的關係，與過去的「家畜」明顯不同。若由道德關懷的歷史發展來看，道德地位由人類特殊種族才擁有，接著部落解放、性別解放，繼而發展至對非人類物種的關懷。同伴動物到底是人類的同伴還是動物呢？同伴動物若是人類的同伴，是否具有和人類等同的道德地位？同伴動物若僅止於非人類動物，如何擠身為人類的同伴？為了探究上述的問題，本論文從辛格偏好效益主義的觀點、沃倫的多重判準、諾丁關懷倫理的脈絡與儒家對動物的看法與道德擴張的歷史中，找到適當的動物道德關懷的根源、道德擴張的判準與道德實踐的準則。本文的結論，首先說明動物道德地位判準的類型及不足之處；其次，從道德社群必須擴張至動物的因素來說明道德社群的主體及其組成份子應包含道德能動者及道德容受者；第三，以儒家的動物觀點及諾丁的關懷關係探討關懷動物的必要性及同伴動物的道德地位；最後，以母性倫理的觀點，探究關懷動物的道德根源，乃植基於母性本能的關懷，也就是「愛」。本論文的建議有二：一方面，建議以「母性因子」為基礎的「關愛」力量，來突破人倫過渡到環倫的障礙；另一方面，則建議，以同伴動物與一般動物的屬性不同故，應賦予法律的地位，從而促進自身的權益以符合現實生活實際的需求，並開啟人類關懷動物的另一途徑。Nowadays, the trend of being a celibate or DINK and keeping pets as companions influences the relationship between human beings and animals. Most animal are not livestock anymore. By the historical development of moral concern, the moral status belongs to special human races, then tribe liberation, gender liberation and care of non-human species. Companion animals are human’s companions or still animals? If they are human being’s companions, should they have the same moral status as the human have? If not, how do these animals promote themselves to be the human companions?To explore above questions, this paper intends to find out the root of appropriate animal moral concern, the criterion for the moral expansion and the guideline of the ethical practice from the views of Singer’s utilitarianism, Warren’s mutli-judgement, Nodding’s ethics of care and Confucian moral expansion. The conclusion of this paper includes four points. First, declare the deficiencies of the types of the animal’s moral status. Second, point out the main body and constituent of the moral community should contain moral agents and moral patients by the explanation of animals being in the moral community. Third, discuss the necessity of caring animals and the moral status of companion animals through the views of Confucian concepts of animals and Nodding’s ethics of care. Finally, probe the moral root of caring animals based on the maternal concern which is love.There are two suggestions in this paper. One is using “the maternal factor” which is based on “love” to break the obstacle – the transition from human relation to ring-lun. On the other hand, since companion animals are different from animals, so give the legal status to them in order to promote their own right to meet the real needs and open a door for human beings to really care about animals.
顯示於類別:	[哲學研究所碩士在職專班 ] 博碩士論文

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