| 摘要: | 摘要 華格納 (Wilhelm Richard Wagner, 1813-1883)被視為是浪漫樂派最具革命性 代表的作曲家之一,由其所發表大量理論性文章、書籍,顯示他在音樂創作與歌 劇革新上的不遺餘力;同時,因不滿部份音樂家在歌劇創作中淪陷於僅扮演歌曲 提供者的角色,致力追尋劇作元素各方面的協調與融合,終而建立「拜羅伊特節 慶劇院」(Bayreuth Festspielhaus) 以發揚其理想。綜觀而論,華格納所揭櫫的多 項創舉,不啻空前於中外,而「拜羅伊特節慶劇院」(拜羅伊特節慶) 僅上演單一 作曲家作品所形成的氛圍,更是史無前例。 《帕西法爾》( Parsifal ) 是華格納最後一部作品,也是唯一專為「拜羅伊特 節慶劇院」量身打造的歌劇,華格納為此劇所訂下的副標 ——「節慶舞台戲劇」 ( Buhnenweihfestspiel ) ,詮釋了兩者密不可分的關係。就音樂層面,此劇達到了 成熟巔峰的狀態,內容承載作曲家對於人生、社會、哲學、宗教......等其他層面 的投射,是個不朽的巨作,並於任何時期都值得被持續研究的作品。 首先,本論文將作曲家生平做一整理:分為家庭生活、教育時期、戀情與婚 姻、朋友與事業等四大面向;在事業部份,針對「拜羅伊特節慶劇院」的建立作 一介紹。並在整理其歌劇創作後,闡述《帕西法爾》的首演與演出權等情況,以 期在深入探討本作品之前,讓讀者對作曲家與演出背景有ㄧ初步瞭解,進而針對 劇本題材、戲劇角色、劇情和音樂等進行深入的探討與分析 。ABSTRACT Wilhelm Richard Wagner (1813-1883), regarding as one of the most revolutionary composer of The Romantic Era, had spared no effort on musical creation and operatic reform by issued a great number of theoretical articles and books. Wagner sought to achieved the synthesis of all aspects in opera for expressed his dissatisfaction with those musicians who only compose music. To carry outthe ideal, moreover, he established the Bayreuth Festspielhaus (Bayreuth Festival Theatre)which is unprecedented at all times and in all countries not only on its provided particular composer’s works but on the atmosphere Bayreuth Festival Theatrehas created. Wagner bestowed the title Buhnenweihfestspiel on his last completed opera Parsifal , tailor-made forBayreuth Festspielhaus, that showed the two is closely connected and inseparable. Parsifal reached a climax of the musical part and reflected the composer’s feelings on each aspect such as, life, society, philosophy, and religion. As well, the immortal work is worthy of our continued research in the future generations. This proposal firstly includes FOUR parts of all Wilhelm Richard Wagner’s life—Family life, Educations, Love affair and Marriage, Friends and Career. In the career part, I will introduce the establishment of Bayreuth Festspielhaus.In order to give readers the preliminary understanding on composer andon the background of Parsifal, after deal with the composer’s works, I will describe the debut of Parsifal and the right of presentation of the theater before we going into its details which comprise the profound research and analysis of subject matter, characters, plot and music. |
