| 摘要: | 本實驗主要研究7075鋁合金退火、變形(低溫輥軋, CR & 常溫輥軋, RR)及人工時效處理(T73)對微結構的影響。使用維克氏硬度試驗(Hv)，光學顯微鏡（OM），穿透式電子顯微鏡（TEM）對7075-T73的微結構與析出型態進行分析。7075鋁合金使用15oC/hr的退火速率能夠獲得均勻的微結構組織與小的硬度變異值；T73處理後CRST73試片基地上擁有最高的硬度值、最低的硬度變異值與最少的顆粒數量分佈與均勻的析出強化相(η-MgZn2)分佈。7075鋁合金表面處理陽極使用15 wt% 硫酸，硬化陽極使用22 wt% 硫酸、1.85 wt% 草酸、0.1 wt% 硫酸鋁的混合酸。V-t曲線是用來計算陽極與硬化陽極所消耗的能量。使用掃描式電子顯微鏡(SEM)觀察陽極氧化膜(AAO films)上的孔洞行態，X射線光電子能譜儀(XPS)分析陽極氧化膜表面的成分分佈。經過變形的試片(CRST73&RRST73)在陽極與硬化陽極處理時比ST73消耗的能量要少。在XPS的分析結果中可以從O/Al比去確定氧化膜的成分組成，在一般陽極處理(MA)後表面氧化膜的成分偏向Al(OH)3，硬化陽極處理(HA)後表面氧化膜成分偏向AlOOH，而陽極與硬化陽極氧化膜與基材界面處的成分偏向Al-O-H。使用電化學的方式來分析計算氧化鋁膜的耐腐蝕性，腐蝕試驗後得到CRST73比RRST73與ST73擁有更好的耐腐蝕性。CIE L* a* b*色差和光學常數（吸收值（k）、折射率（n）、反射率（R））被應用於氧化鋁薄膜的光學性質進行分析。結果我們發現氧化膜厚度增加L值會降低，表面粗糙度增加折射率（n）和反射率（R）會降低，吸收值(k)會增加。In this study, the 7075 aluminum alloy were subjected to annealing, deformation (Cryo-rolling, CR & Room temperature Rolling, RR) following artificial aging treatment (T73). The microstructure and precipitation morphology of 7075-T73 aluminum alloy which subjected to varied deformed process were analyzed by Vicker’s hardness (Hv), optical microscope (OM), transmission electro microscope (TEM). The 7075 aluminum alloy with 15oC/hr annealing rate that obtained an uniform microstructure and smaller hardness variation; after T73 treatment, the CRST73 sample owns a highest micro hardness lowest hardness variation and lowest particles distribution in the matrix and uniform precipitation of strengthening phase (η-MgZn2) distribution.The surface treatment of 7075 aluminum alloy was subject to 15 wt% H2SO4 for anodic treatment (MA) and mixed with 22 wt% H2SO4, and 1.85 wt% H2C2O4, and 0.1 wt% (AlH4)2SO4 for hard anodic treatment (HA). The V-t curve was used to record the anodic and hard anodic treatments and calculated energy consumption during anodic treatment.. The scanning electrical microscope (SEM) was applied to observation the pore population of anodic alumina oxide (AAO) film, and X-ray photoelectron spectrum (XPS) analysis was used to obtain the surface composition of AAO films. The deformed samples (CRST73 and RRST73) were following anodic and hard anodic treatment that obtained lower energy consumption than the without deformed samples (ST73). In the XPS analysis results, according to O/Al ratio, we can determine the surface composition of the AAO film. The Al(OH)3 phase are favored form after MA treatment, the and AlOOH phase form after HA treatment. The other hand, the AlOOH phase and Al-O-H phase were found at matrix/oxide interface. The electrochemical analyses were applied to measure the corrosion resistance of AAO film. After corrosion test, the CRST73 sample owns a better corrosion resistance than the RRST73 and ST73.The CIE L * a * b * color difference and optical constant (absorption values (k), the refractive index (n), reflectance (R)) were applied to analyze the optical properties of AAO films. As the results, we found the increasing thickness of the oxide film with reduced the L values of AAO films, and increases surface roughness with decreasing refractive index (n) and reflectance (R) but increasing the adsorption value. |
