| 摘要: | 國內產業污泥大多採用土地掩埋，或以簡易乾燥製程做成污泥乾燥料，以進行製磚等資源化利用。然而隨著掩埋場用地取得困難與紅磚需求減少，難以消化大量產業污泥。其中，化工污泥(CS)難以獨自膠結成型且燒結溫度高；而紡織污泥(TS)獨自燒結時易導致燒結體破裂或過度膨脹而顯著折減強度。同時基於部分添加水庫淤泥(RS)於產業污泥中可提供常溫造粒所需膠結性與高溫燒結過程產生玻璃化，以及廢玻璃(WG)在燒結過程中產生緻密化與降低燒結溫度特性，可解決前述化工污泥與紡織污泥之處理問題。因此，本研究藉由原料的物化分析為基礎，探討「燒結型產業污泥骨材的最適化配比評估」、「產業污泥骨材的材料特性與耐久性」、「廢玻璃對產業污泥骨材的裂縫修補與緻密化評估」等三個研究子題，以評估產業污泥骨材的產製技術與應用策略。研究結果顯示：優先處理產業污泥的前提下，燒結型化工污泥骨材與燒結型紡織污泥骨材的最適化配比分別為CS40RS60與TS45RS55，而化工污泥建議採用冷結法產製程序更符合節能效益。當污泥用量為40%時，紡織污泥骨材之單點破壞荷重較化工污泥骨材高出約46.7%；紡織污泥骨材(TS45RS55)的耐酸鹼溶液能力優於化工污泥骨材(CS40RS60)，而鹼矽骨材反應潛勢均屬無害。化工污泥骨材(CS40RS60)與紡織污泥骨材(TS45RS55)孔徑 >10-6μm之孔隙體積約佔總孔隙體積的98.98%與100%，而孔隙尺寸介於300~1,000μm之間的孔隙體積約佔70.89%與80.16%。外添加20%廢玻璃粉於產業污泥中對燒結型產業污泥骨材具有顯著閉鎖裂縫與緻密化效應，且可顯著提高骨材的硬度與強度。In Taiwan, most of the industrial sludge is used for landfill or dried as material resources, such as making bricks. However, due to the difficulty to get landfill sites and the decline of the bricks demand, it is getting more and more challenging to dispose the industrial sludge. Moreover, Chemical Sludge (CS) is difficult to be modelled and sintered alone; when sintered, the sample of Textile Sludge (TS) is easy to crak or over expand and then the strength would be weakened dramatically. However, because partially adding reservoir sediment (RS) to industrial sludge could offer the required cementation at room temperature and vitrification when sintering, but adding waste glass (WG) could promote dense and lower sintering temperature, the foresaid problems could be conquered. Thus, base on the data of physical and chemical analysis on raw materials, the following three topics were studied – “Optimum mixing proportion of sintered industrial sludge aggregates”, “Material properties and durability of industrial sludge aggregates”, and “ Influence of wasted glass to crack repair and densification of industrial sludge aggregate”. This study is to assess and develop the technology and application strategy in the industrial sludge aggregates.The results showed that the optimum mixing proportion of sintered chemical sludge aggregates and sintered textile sludge aggregates were CS40RS60 and TS45RS55 respectively. In addition, it is recommended to adopt cold binding process for chemical sludge for better energy saving. When the usage of industrial sludge reached to 40%, the point failure loading of textile sludge aggregates was higher than that of chemical sludge aggregates by 46.7%. The chemical corrosion resistances of textile sludge aggregate (TS45RS55) was better than that of chemical sludge aggregate (CS40RS60). And the potential alkali-silica reactivities of both fell in the harmless zone. The pore volume with pore size larger than >10-6μm in chemical sludge aggregate (CS40RS60) and textile sludge aggregate (TS45RS55) took 98.98% and 100% of the total pore volume respectively. Then, the pore volume with pore size ranged between 300~1,000μm took 70.89% and 80.16% individually. Adding 20% of waste glass powder into industrial sludge would help sintered industrial aggregates in closing and reducing the cracks, and thus improve the hardness and strength of the aggregates significantly. |
