| 摘要: | 日冕物質拋射會對地球的電離層產生影響，就是一般說的太空天氣。而有許多不同的機制產生日冕物質拋射，目前大家所接受的主要有兩個，一個是由太陽耀斑所產生的，也會伴隨著射電噴發，另一個是由日珥所產生的。這次我研究統計從1996 到2011 在SOHO / LASCO 上所截取的資料，去分析高低緯度日冕物質拋射的速度是否與太陽活動週期相關聯，還有一些超高速日冕物質拋射的探討，以及太陽黑子的週期計算。 我們從solar Influences data Analysis center網站得到從1749 年到2011 年黑子數量，然後分別以每個月為數量單位和以每年為數量單位，並運用快速複利葉轉換去計算黑子週期的變化，發現兩者誤差在小數點第二位以後。接著再用SOHO / LASCO 上的資料，分別去畫出高緯度與低緯度分別的時問速度分佈，發現與太陽週期活動相關聯，然而速度與緯度也隨著太陽極大期與極小期變化。最後在探討超快速日冕物質拋射是什麼原因產生，發現部分與X型耀斑有關。另外發現在高低緯度上的磁場也會分別引響日冕物質拋射速度的變化，主要是由勞倫茲與壓力的力量決定的。但高緯度的磁場會小於低緯度的，所以整個來說低緯度平均速度是高於高緯度的平均速度的。而有些高緯度高速度可能是由低緯度日冕物質噴發時，張角太寬，以致於部分的物質跑到高緯度去，而SOHO 剛好在那時候拍攝到在高緯處的低緯日冕物質。The coronal mass ejections can have the influence to Earth's ionized layer with the magnetic layer, is the general said that space weather. There are many different mechanisms to produce coronal mass ejections. Currently accepted by the main there are two, one will be generated by solar flares accompanied by radio jets made, the other is generated by the prominence. The study statistics from 1996 to 2011 in the SOHO / LASCO on the intercepted data to analyze the speed of the high and low latitude coronal mass ejections associated with the solar activity cycle, some of ultra-high-speed coronal mass ejections and sunspots calculation of the cycle. We get the number of sunspots (1749 to 2011) from Solar Influences Data Analysis Center website, and then every month for the number of units and for the number of units each year. We use of fast Fourier transform to calculate the change of the sunspot cycle, and found that errors after the second decimal place. And then using the information on the SOHO/ LASCO, respectively, to draw the high latitudes and low latitudes, respectively, the time rate of distribution, found that the activities associated with the solar cycle. Speed and latitude with the solar maximum period of minimal change. Finally, on the ultra - fast coronal mass ejections is the reason, found part of the X-type flares. We also found that the magnetic field will affect the change in the speed of coronal mass ejections in the high and low latitudes, is mainly determined by the Lorentz force and pressure. However, the high-latitude magnetic field is less than the low-latitude magnetic field, so the whole for low-latitude average speed is higher than the high-latitude average speed. Some high-latitude high-speed low-latitude coronal mass ejections, the angle is too wide, went to high latitudes to that part of the material, SOHO just when shooting at high latitudes at the low-latitude coronal mass. |
